tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-36198038541294988152023-11-16T11:07:21.864-08:00bibliograffiti<i>Book thoughts brought to you by Sutton Books.</i>bibliograffitihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00074813316524099603noreply@blogger.comBlogger16125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3619803854129498815.post-54769168069401213522017-09-23T10:53:00.002-07:002017-09-23T10:53:19.631-07:00A Primer for Buying Used, Rare and Out-of-print Books on Amazon (Part 2)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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As we talked about in the last edition of this blog,
Amazon.com can be a great place to buy used, rare and out of print books. But
as we pointed out then, searching through the innumerable offerings from
innumerable third-party sellers (3Ps) on World’s Largest [Books] Marketplace
can be daunting. <o:p></o:p></div>
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How can you read a listing for a particular book so that you
know the condition of the book you want? How can you tell if a particular bookseller
has any books at all? (Yes, believe it or not, many 3P sellers list books they
do not actually have -- more on that below.)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The people who contact us asking us to find a book for them because they
are afraid to use Amazon are often those who have dipped their toes into what
is colloquially called “The River” and have met up with a crocodile seller. <o:p></o:p></div>
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The good news for them, and for others who are hoping to
connect with a long-sought-after book, is that there are ways to weed out the
good sellers from the bad sellers, and the good copies of books front the bad
copies, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>just by a skilled reading the information
provided on Amazon.<o:p></o:p></div>
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There are at least <b>seven</b> things to watch out for when buying
used, rare and out-of-print books on Amazon and finding a reliable 3P seller
from whom to purchase that book.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<b>1.</b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><b> </b> </span>The first (and
easiest) thing to look at is the seller’s <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Feedback
Rating</b>. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Feedback ratings are given to each 3P seller in two forms: <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">yellow stars</b> (between 1 and 5), and a <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">percentage</b> of positive ratings out of
100%. These ratings are found above the seller’s name in the column just to the
left of the yellow “Add to Cart” button in each book listing. <o:p></o:p></div>
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It is rare to find sellers with less than a 90% feedback
rating on Amazon. Amazon’s expectation is that sellers will aim for 100%
positive feedback, and if a seller’s feedback falls below 90%, she<br />
will very
likely be told that she is no longer eligible to sell on Amazon. <b>Feedback
below 93% or 94% is a red flag for buyers.</b><br />
<o:p></o:p></div>
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But here is where it is important to look further. If you
click on the percentage itself, you will see all the comments made by buyers
about that particular seller. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In
addition, you can see any responses to that feedback made by the seller, along with
a grid showing how many feedback comments (and whether negative, positive, or
neutral) the seller has received over the course of her Amazon selling career.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Of course because many buyers who leave Amazon feedback are
people who have had bad experiences, the numbers for any seller are slightly
skewed in favor of the negative. Other buyers leave reviews of the book they
have bought rather than seller reviews. But if there is a pattern of a certain
kind of bad feedback (“Book was described as new, but was falling apart” or “Ordered
this book four weeks ago and it still hasn’t turned up” or “Tried to contact
seller several times but got no response.”) you will know that a seller has problems
delivering on promises. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Looking at the seller’s responses to feedback can also be instructive.
If the pattern is: “This buyer is an idiot!” you know that if you have a
complaint about an order, you are unlikely to get satisfaction without a
hassle.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<b>2. </b><u><b>Sellers with generic ‘boilerplate’ book descriptions</b>.</u>
The seller’s condition notes<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(found in
the second column from the left under the book’s condition grade) are
especially important when buying used or out-of-print books on Amazon.
Descriptions such as “may have notes, or highlighting” or “may be ex-library” or
“100% guaranteed” (most Amazon orders are, by definition, 100% guaranteed) mean
that the seller has never actually taken the time to inspect the book itself.
Some sellers just “dump” lots of titles onto Amazon, and have not given any
thought at all to the condition grading of the book or to any faults it might
have.<o:p></o:p></div>
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(In the EU these kind of “may have” descriptions are
unlawful, for obvious reasons. The buyer is purchasing something that cannot be
checked against a clear description.)<o:p></o:p></div>
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<u><b>3. Drop-shippers</b></u><b>.</b> Speaking of “dumping titles,” some
booksellers on Amazon do not actually have ANY books in stock. They are called
“drop-shippers,” (or more negatively “bookjackers”) and they simply attempt to
list every book ever published on the Amazon website. Then when you actually
order a book from them, they are forced to go out and find it from another
online seller. This means that you cannot count on anything the drop-shipper
says about its condition, or even on whether they will be able to find the book for
you.<o:p></o:p></div>
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There are several ways to tell if a particular seller is a
drop-shipper, none foolproof, but useful as a quick check. If you see a seller
of a book with an outlandishly high price (in the hundreds or even
thousands of dollars), you can be pretty certain that they do not have a copy
of the book in stock and are hoping that no one will order it at the price they
are asking.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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(The last two of these are bookjackers)</div>
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And again, generic descriptions are another sign that you are dealing with a bookjacker who has never seen the book listed itself:</div>
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Seller feedback that most
often reports things like “waited a VERY long time for this book” or “seller
cancelled my order saying they were out of stock” are telltale signs of a
drop-shipper. When in doubt, you can always send the seller a question if you
suspect that he or she does not have a book they have listed that you want to
buy.<o:p></o:p></div>
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On their website, Zubal Books, a highly respected seller of
used, rare and out-of-print books based in Cleveland, Ohio, has a good article
about bookjackers, along with the list of those sellers the advise against: (“Bookjackers:
Who they are, what they do, and why YOU should NEVER purchase from them.”)<o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="http://www.zubalbooks.com/article-bookjacking.jsp">http://www.zubalbooks.com/article-bookjacking.jsp</a><o:p></o:p></div>
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Their bottom-line advice: NEVER buy from a bookjacjer!<o:p></o:p></div>
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<u><b>4. Small sellers vs. mega-sellers</b>.</u><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When you have a number of sellers to choose
from for a particular book, you will want to decide whether to buy from a small
seller or a large seller. There are pros and cons to each of these choices. We
tend to opt for smaller sellers, finding them more reliable and more responsive
when there are difficulties. Large-scale sellers with hundreds of thousands of
feedback entries can afford cancelled sales and poor-quality items and still be
on good terms with Amazon. Small sellers usually cannot afford problems, and
rely heavily on good buyer feedback and successful order completion, giving the
buyer more leverage. <o:p></o:p><br />
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The first seller below is clearly a large-scale seller. The second a small (probably part-time) seller:<br />
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<u><b>5. Brand new sellers</b></u>. It’s a good idea to<u> </u>stay
away from what Amazon calls<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>‘Just
Launched’ sellers or sellers with only a very low feedback numbers. Amazon is a
complex marketplace for sellers, with lots of rules and regulations, and it
takes awhile for new sellers to get the hang of things: the grading of books
(i.e., what counts as New, Like New, Very Good, Good, or Acceptable – more on
that below), the specifications for packing, shipping and tracking, the Amazon
return policy (30 days. No questions asked), answering buyer messages,
restocking fees all take some getting used to.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Reliable sellers will still be there this time next year. Bad sellers
will be gone relatively quickly.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
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<u><b>6. Slow-on-delivery sellers</b></u>. Look carefully at the
estimated arrival date for any book on offer. (“Arrives between” on the first
line of the third column from the left of each listing). If you order a book on
August 1 in the normal way and are expecting it in 7-14 days, but the listing
itself says “Arrives between September 7-16” it means that either the book is
located overseas, or is being sold by a drop-shipper, or the seller has set his
or her shipping settings for a long delay for some other reason. None of these
is good news for buyers who want their books to arrive quickly. (But if a
seller does miss a delivery deadline, Amazon will make things right for you as
a buyer.)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>So, note the difference between shipping times for these two offers for the same book, appearing one after the other on the Amazon list:</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhG5OlErnGXNIQoGRNtfU95g-QWzqr8jZcvK_g3KEYAYQMhHE5shDquJ_rIAtvr-JUH6YiPKQ_ZitZZ77NfYKrtSzGn_CTErmg5rIgkRBAZ9utTv-deoeL09yN61-3e6V5Au5fk2pCwfFs/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-09-23+at+11.23.17+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="186" data-original-width="644" height="184" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhG5OlErnGXNIQoGRNtfU95g-QWzqr8jZcvK_g3KEYAYQMhHE5shDquJ_rIAtvr-JUH6YiPKQ_ZitZZ77NfYKrtSzGn_CTErmg5rIgkRBAZ9utTv-deoeL09yN61-3e6V5Au5fk2pCwfFs/s640/Screen+Shot+2017-09-23+at+11.23.17+AM.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<u><b>7. Scammers.</b></u> Most sellers on Amazon are honest people
trying to make an honest living. But there are occasionally those who use
Amazon simply as a vehicle for separating people from their money. For example,
some scammers open new seller accounts with Amazon, list lots of inventory
priced well below market price, take in the proceeds from unsuspecting buyers,
and then disappear without sending customers their purchases. It doesn’t happen
often, and Amazon usually catches these guys pretty quickly and reimburses the
scammed buyers, but it’s a real nuisance for everyone. (Too-good-to-be-true
prices and lots of 5-star feedback using exactly the same wording are also
sometimes clues)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
One more thing: This is a completely personal quirk of mine,
but I also stay away from sellers with stupid seller names. “Grandma’s Junk”
and “Mr. Smelly” come to mind. Of course this is not always an infallible
indicator, (“The Dusty Bookshelf” and the “Tattered Cover” are perfectly
respectable sellers, but I do question their business savvy!)</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjn9ebr2kBKdzqMNsYnZiSu1Itolpf-Cu3bj2TvANTu7f58GcUZEO5c1Mk8ecOM2Nk7nPoALPpL8NftWy0Y462bIa8Cun7GepA3xjBkqNwF6bWainjrb-qPot8rVcD5lJssl0yK_-25mrg/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-09-23+at+11.36.19+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="76" data-original-width="245" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjn9ebr2kBKdzqMNsYnZiSu1Itolpf-Cu3bj2TvANTu7f58GcUZEO5c1Mk8ecOM2Nk7nPoALPpL8NftWy0Y462bIa8Cun7GepA3xjBkqNwF6bWainjrb-qPot8rVcD5lJssl0yK_-25mrg/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-09-23+at+11.36.19+AM.png" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p>*********************************************************************************************</o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
PS: We’ve talked about Amazon’s book grading guidelines over
these two editions of this blog. Below is what Amazon itself says to expect from each
condition grade:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>“New:</b> A brand-new, unused, unread copy in perfect condition.
The dust cover and original protective wrapping, if any, is intact. All
supplementary materials are included and all access codes for electronic
material, if applicable, are valid and/or in working condition. Books with
markings of any kind on the cover or pages, books marked as "Bargain"
or "Remainder," or with any other labels attached, may not be listed
as New condition.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> Note: as of May 1, “new”
books on Amazon have no further condition description attached to the </b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> book
listing. New is new. Period.<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Used - Like New: </b>Dust cover is intact, with no nicks or
tears. Spine has no signs of creasing. Pages are clean and not marred by notes
or folds of any kind. May contain remainder marks on outside edges, which
should be noted in listing comments.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Used - Very Good:</b> Pages and dust cover are intact and not
marred by notes or highlighting. The spine is undamaged.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Used - Good:</b> All pages and cover are intact (including the
dust cover, if applicable). Spine may show signs of wear. Pages may include
limited notes and highlighting. May include "From the library of"
labels.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Used - Acceptable: </b>All pages and the cover are intact, but
the dust cover may be missing. Pages may include limited notes and
highlighting, but the text cannot be obscured or unreadable.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Unacceptable:</b> Includes missing pages and obscured or
unreadable text. We also do not permit the sale of advance reading copies,
including uncorrected proofs, of in-print or not-yet-published books.” <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These books may NOT be listed on Amazon.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Of course, the bottom line is this: if a seller in question
has the book you want, and you are having difficulty finding it anywhere else,
you may have to take a chance, ignore these red flags, and buy. Amazon will, in
virtually every case, back you up if there is a problem.<br />
<br />
But if you <b>do </b>have a
choice of sellers of a particular used, rare, or out-of-print book, taking these
guidelines into account will increase your odds of having a great buying
experience on Amazon.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Good luck, and happy shopping!<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbv9B2kgdVaBHCVNs_nZ74OqD5JxHA0B3wsSalWYdOAwqdCZ-hK82Lp41F1VRhCH-_0AAM9gUBGpOGAq41RbBgzBHksHEeikou6jfa8fYNd0YO1p56ODAlnDpP0Mbl9p9EJYdCADPVdbg/s1600/Unknown-1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="259" data-original-width="194" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbv9B2kgdVaBHCVNs_nZ74OqD5JxHA0B3wsSalWYdOAwqdCZ-hK82Lp41F1VRhCH-_0AAM9gUBGpOGAq41RbBgzBHksHEeikou6jfa8fYNd0YO1p56ODAlnDpP0Mbl9p9EJYdCADPVdbg/s1600/Unknown-1.png" /></a></div>
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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bibliograffitihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00074813316524099603noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3619803854129498815.post-34584042059906406472017-08-22T08:51:00.002-07:002017-08-22T08:51:41.286-07:00A Primer for Buying Used, Rare and Out-of-print Books on Amazon (Part I)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Every now and again it hits me what technological babies we all are. In the pre-internet 1980s, I wrote my graduate school work on a Commodore 128. The only thing it was good for was word processing -- it may have been able to do other things as well, but I didn't know what those might be. Just before I finished my dissertation, its keyboard failed -- in particular, the letters 'J' and "M" virtually stopped working -- and writing my dissertation about a quarterly journal that was published in January, May and June became something of a challenge. (Since the Commodore hardware wasn't compatible with anything else, and since the model I owned had been phased out, getting just a new keyboard was out of the question.)<br />
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I think about the infantile state of our human species vis-a-vis the world of high-tech every time I see an grossly-inappropriate tweet, receive a too-hastily-sent email, or hear of someone who has been scammed by a 17-year-old Ukranian claiming to be his or her "soul mate" ("And won't you please send me the money it will take to enable us finally to meet and be together forever: bail, hospital fees, insurance bonds, court costs, $10,000 for a new passport, etc.?") We are so new to this world (even those who grew up with it) that we just haven't yet acquired enough technological 'life experience' to avoid the pitfalls with any regularity.<br />
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This brings us to the subject at hand: namely books. The other day we had a call from someone who lived in our village and who knew that we were booksellers. Could we find her a particular book for her, please?<br />
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So we asked the usual questions. But our first question was: "Have you looked on Amazon?" After all, it's what most people do these days when looking for a book, or anything else for that matter.<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn4ev8E_ikWgOegxQAIhMb31l4vM0J9N0Gvp6o8hfqCdZaBSGn8zr_c9-HWz1VvVCKrn877x0uNTOwT_Quyx9II1sNjWDuBukVITlsjaMzHciEQJJPc-5fU4T27tcWdXRkF_e0XbFqoPU/s1600/images.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"></a><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpE79XNLIo79iXJdi5qLmSNY7N3Md1syT0Xu6WJi4whfABIEb6xjnfvwtCvyMYH_DqmCvfUtq0gFSaVkvw4uYH3uJhC8SJMcvBBAjbu1qcGRxh9mHHhz8OwTm49GpZ_3QsFm-pzwLLg6Q/s1600/2009-07-29-Amazon.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="483" data-original-width="576" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpE79XNLIo79iXJdi5qLmSNY7N3Md1syT0Xu6WJi4whfABIEb6xjnfvwtCvyMYH_DqmCvfUtq0gFSaVkvw4uYH3uJhC8SJMcvBBAjbu1qcGRxh9mHHhz8OwTm49GpZ_3QsFm-pzwLLg6Q/s320/2009-07-29-Amazon.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Her reply is one we've had in response to the same question, asked of many other callers requesting that we find scarce books for them over the years. "I'm afraid to go on Amazon to find old books. It's too confusing. It's hard to know which sellers to trust on Amazon." And we can sympathize. Amazon is great for buying new products, including recently-published, in-print books. But out-of-print, used or rare books are something else again.<br />
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Actually, Amazon.com <i>can </i>be a great place to buy used, rare and out of print books. It is easy, quick, and the range of choice is astonishingly vast. Books you never knew existed can be found there, and books you have spent years hunting for are there, too. Amazon began its corporate life as a book-selling site, and is still the "World’s Largest [Books] Marketplace."<br />
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But at the same time, book-buying on Amazon can be something of a challenge, especially when it comes to uncommon or hard-to-find books. Many sellers, both professional and amateur, inhabit the site, with different ways of doing business, different levels of professionalism, and different methods for describing and merchandizing their books. Like any online platform, getting the things you want in the condition you want in the timeframe you want is a matter of savvy shopping and the ability to look for warning signs when they appear.<br />
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In this 2-Part series of blogs, we'll quickly go through what to watch out for as you navigate the minefield that is Amazon used-book buying, so that you and the book you want can be happily united.<br />
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The Basics:<br />
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1. As almost everyone knows, Amazon as a corporate entity sells books themselves. These are usually the ones associated with the headlined, one-click ordering options. In-print books fall into this category, and when you purchase from Amazon itself you will receive a new copy from one of their many US warehouses.<br />
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2. Out-of-print, used, and rare books are sold almost-exclusively on Amazon by Third-Party sellers (3Ps). These are businesses (like us) or individuals who have a relationship with Amazon, and who are permitted to sell on the Amazon platform for a fee.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEio-8Mg2VcCTxbS514uIZv0cOQlqaSPNd7_sg1Yq3BjHjC6VQ1CTFQjSveX9bZR9h8xOJWeGwQXLSRu4IBIJe8YAqBqvka767OooncABo6agMVch7rJ0h69gDD-xA-gACj1E88PXzH7gmw/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-07+at+8.51.32+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="243" data-original-width="1308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEio-8Mg2VcCTxbS514uIZv0cOQlqaSPNd7_sg1Yq3BjHjC6VQ1CTFQjSveX9bZR9h8xOJWeGwQXLSRu4IBIJe8YAqBqvka767OooncABo6agMVch7rJ0h69gDD-xA-gACj1E88PXzH7gmw/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-07+at+8.51.32+AM.png" /></a><br />
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(Of course, 3Ps can also sell in-print books on Amazon as well. In the example above, the $4.11 copy is sold by Amazon itself, and the "154 new and used copies" under "More Buying Choices" and starting at $0.01 are being sold by 3P sellers.)<br />
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3. 3P sellers have to follow Amazon's rules on things like returns, the condition-grading of items for sale, quick turnaround of orders, and delivery deadlines, but can set their own rules about some other things (pricing, the content and format of their book descriptions, shipping methods, and their standards for packing books). Amazon also does its best to 'police' 3P sellers to ensure that Amazon customers will have a good buying experience. (More about that in Part II)<br />
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4. Amazon 3P sellers may be based in the USA or may be operating from somewhere overseas. Sometimes it is difficult to tell which. (Again, more on that later.)<br />
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5. Although many 3P sellers store their books on their own premises or at nearby locations, many others ship all their merchandise to a centralized Amazon warehouse, and orders are packed and sent to you from that warehouse (in these cases you will see "Fulfilled by Amazon" somewhere in the Seller's listing).<br />
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5. You can message 3P sellers with questions before you buy using Amazon's "Ask a question" option. Amazon expects all 3P sellers to respond to messages promptly (the rule is a response within 24 hours) and courteously.<br />
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When you see a seller's name in the list of books for sale, simply click on the name and you will get a window that looks like this:<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoU2sS-1ekpyWmPn-UDYDfiHQyQNfF1LXDf5KajbIl2BoeyOIxm3zlQUpUedDIjxULhhNe55zRDmXDFn8N_MzzwkskOTTrYyfruTxUZ4bQt3kOuTpd6KII_ZfsSUzz14Ukw4_gqmxf-f0/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-07+at+10.27.19+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="148" data-original-width="1258" height="75" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoU2sS-1ekpyWmPn-UDYDfiHQyQNfF1LXDf5KajbIl2BoeyOIxm3zlQUpUedDIjxULhhNe55zRDmXDFn8N_MzzwkskOTTrYyfruTxUZ4bQt3kOuTpd6KII_ZfsSUzz14Ukw4_gqmxf-f0/s640/Screen+Shot+2017-08-07+at+10.27.19+AM.png" width="640" /></a></div>
Click on the yellow "Ask a question" button and write your message to the seller. Your email or other identifying information will be masked, and will not be available to the seller.<br />
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Complaints <i>after </i>buying are directed through the Your Orders page.<br />
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6. Some 3P sellers have earned what is called the Amazon "Buy Box," which is located at the righthand side of the screen as a yellow "Add to Cart" button.<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgq8ZW_D9pWFoJsSxr5AAeRmhq4xz3cvXzUcnPihbuLPBUUz8MG3gAgbERbQ-3KB38Jox9Jj8AfEswy14Smta0wODswCsgEjfl2xis88BLga9uYFSG6Ayjbe50FI8ZdDKgclpO167im_AQ/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-07+at+10.42.28+AM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="378" data-original-width="1511" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgq8ZW_D9pWFoJsSxr5AAeRmhq4xz3cvXzUcnPihbuLPBUUz8MG3gAgbERbQ-3KB38Jox9Jj8AfEswy14Smta0wODswCsgEjfl2xis88BLga9uYFSG6Ayjbe50FI8ZdDKgclpO167im_AQ/s640/Screen+Shot+2017-08-07+at+10.42.28+AM.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
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This enables one-click ordering from that buyer, even though there may be several other buyers with the same book on offer. (The Buy Box is actually one of 'Amazon's Great Mysteries.' Amazon giveth, and Amazon taketh away, and no one knows why.) Although clicking on the the Add to Cart link is a convenient way to order, there maybe other copies in better condition for lower prices available,<br />
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7. The only performance metric that the buyer sees for any given 3P seller is the Feedback score (calculated and shown as between 1 and 5 yellow stars underneath the seller's name), a positive percentage rate, the lifetime number of feedback ratings, and actual buyer comments by clicking on the percentage rate link. In the screenshot below, this seller has a 4.5-star feedback rating from buyers rating with 94% positive comments, and over a million individual comments from buyers.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSP7dyHd5jXTGBBm-h3WXUoEN0FMV1iCwrnhzr4QKVoTWd05TxjiX_llGt_QAgHz0qbxzk6BwyZjgXCptfvKvkvhYXV7wouLbqlZodpaIQW62Lhxz6e1e4hyHUsHu4gu1lduKXJ8GeDEk/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-07+at+1.04.52+PM.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="59" data-original-width="201" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSP7dyHd5jXTGBBm-h3WXUoEN0FMV1iCwrnhzr4QKVoTWd05TxjiX_llGt_QAgHz0qbxzk6BwyZjgXCptfvKvkvhYXV7wouLbqlZodpaIQW62Lhxz6e1e4hyHUsHu4gu1lduKXJ8GeDEk/s1600/Screen+Shot+2017-08-07+at+1.04.52+PM.png" /></a></div>
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But there are other 3P seller metrics that Amazon itself uses to keep 3P sellers in line (overall order dissatisfaction rate, slow shipment time, the percentage of valid tracking attached to an order, fast response to buyer messages, and so on) that buyers do not see. These metrics are Amazon's way of determining whether a particular seller retains selling privileges on Amazon, and (probably) whether the seller is eligible to win the Buy Box.<br />
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That means that when you have a choice of sellers -- sometimes a choice between many, many sellers -- for an old book that you want to buy on Amazon, you have to do some added detective work. Even reading and interpreting the Feedback scores that you CAN see is something of a challenge.<br />
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And hints for meeting that "challenge of choice" will come in Part II of this seres.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlRSDZ3_h8oYMgsfXpcrSIeHHOhaaRNi40fkw4BtAK8uk8oFrTKKtMxc5IX7sS7vqWGbboI6UlKwCt5CaUmMWZwl2L7XnME4ZG5KG665TNjZDf9nhTmHctDg4kRwv6FUtWlA5rBpVIg5g/s1600/Unknown.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="194" data-original-width="259" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlRSDZ3_h8oYMgsfXpcrSIeHHOhaaRNi40fkw4BtAK8uk8oFrTKKtMxc5IX7sS7vqWGbboI6UlKwCt5CaUmMWZwl2L7XnME4ZG5KG665TNjZDf9nhTmHctDg4kRwv6FUtWlA5rBpVIg5g/s1600/Unknown.png" /></a></div>
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bibliograffitihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00074813316524099603noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3619803854129498815.post-49114604930316179772017-08-02T11:48:00.001-07:002017-08-02T11:49:05.068-07:00Healing powers<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Unless we were very saintly children (which I was most decidedly NOT), we all remember our own particular variation of "The dog ate my homework." And so it is here. Over a year ago, and quite unexpectedly, we added a puppy to our household, and I can state with some certainty that "The puppy ate this blog."<br />
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She has been, and continues to be at the age of 22 months, a joy and a delight. We named her "Jiva," which is the Sanskrit word for the Elemental Life Force [<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 19px;">जीव]</span>, of which she is possessed in abundance. (In her early days, some people mis-heard her name and, having seen her in action, thought we had named her "Shiva," the Deity also called "The Destroyer" in the Hindu tradition.) As our own grasp on the elemental life force seems to be a bit feeble at the moment, she has been just the tonic we have needed. But I regret that she has been such an effective excuse for months of inattention to my writing.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnxmWLELFtGjEwBDgc7iRhvNXdzRVda3DthaVJ-POqUZEvEQciQ_zb3GNKN9-uPqec_0T4J5wTu31eegUeZudI9AMjd16fw7Y1XCZzhmQuL1nYXvZ7uekaUg7tJ2sgUkx3M0FePHWI1JI/s1600/images.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="225" data-original-width="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnxmWLELFtGjEwBDgc7iRhvNXdzRVda3DthaVJ-POqUZEvEQciQ_zb3GNKN9-uPqec_0T4J5wTu31eegUeZudI9AMjd16fw7Y1XCZzhmQuL1nYXvZ7uekaUg7tJ2sgUkx3M0FePHWI1JI/s1600/images.jpeg" /></a></div>
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The other regretful thing that has effectively stopped me writing has been the incessant pounding of the 2016 political campaign and its aftermath, which seems to have begun sometime back in the Jurassic Period. This is no place to air my particular political proclivities. But as the culmination of a trend toward the diminishment of civility (and even to the diminishment of any conviction that civility is a virtue), the presidential campaign absorbed a great deal of my mental and emotional energy.<br />
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As a result, I decided to take a 'media sabbatical,' which lasted longer than I expected.<br />
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But puppies -- now even mostly grown-up puppies -- are good for the soul, and after this unexpected hiatus I have returned to this forum.<br />
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The other things that puppies are good for is nursing.<br />
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In November I fell on the ice on our front steps early in the morning and broke my leg in three places. Jiva barked and barked from inside the house, and The Spouse repeatedly told her to 'Shut up' and went back to sleep. After 40 minutes, someone on a neighboring street heard me calling and came to my rescue. The Spouse felt (and continues to feel) terrible.<br />
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All is (mainly) mended now, but I realized in the healing process how necessary a dog is to my general well-being.<br />
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Sometime in the winter someone gave me a copy of Mary Oliver's <u>Dog Songs </u>(Penguin, 2013). It was a healing gift -- and I had so many healing gifts last winter as I recovered -- and since then I've been giving it to everyone with very little excuse.<br />
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So, in honor of puppies, and of the Bright Succession of our old dogs now gone to their eternal rest, I finish with Oliver's hymn to her dog Luke:<br />
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LUKE<br />
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I had a dog<br />
who loved flowers.<br />
Briskly she went<br />
through the fields,<br />
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yet paused<br />
for the honeysuckle<br />
or the rose,<br />
her dark head<br />
<br />
and her wet nose<br />
touching<br />
the face<br />
of every one<br />
<br />
with its petals<br />
of silk,<br />
with its fragrance<br />
rising<br />
<br />
into the air<br />
where the bees,<br />
their bodies<br />
heavy with pollen,<br />
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hovered—<br />
and easily<br />
she adored<br />
every blossom,<br />
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not in the serious,<br />
careful way<br />
that we choose<br />
this blossom or that blossom—<br />
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the way we praise or don’t praise—<br />
the way we love<br />
or don’t love—<br />
but the way<br />
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we long to be—<br />
that happy<br />
in the heaven of earth—<br />
that wild, that loving.<br />
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bibliograffitihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00074813316524099603noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3619803854129498815.post-32661550603713851202015-02-12T06:33:00.001-08:002015-02-12T06:33:28.360-08:00Productive Stupidity<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
When I was a child, there were whole classes of people who possessed an almost-Drudical power and eminence: parents, doctors, the clergy, teachers, scientists, civic leaders. Part of their power rested in the fact that everything about their lives was a mystery. The idea that my 4th grade teacher, for example, might have a life outside of the classroom, or that Mr. Justice So-and-So might vacation on Cape Cod with his spouse, quite simply never entered my mind. And even though one would occasionally hear the phrase, "Just remember, we all put our trousers on one leg at a time," no one ever seemed really to believe it.<br />
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Today, by contrast, the young know almost everything about their parents' lives, the clergy are all-too-often in the news for various indiscretions, doctors are just another cog in the machine of the medical-bureaucratic system, teachers are more and more likely to "share" stories of their off-duty experiences with their students. Even the world's royal families have not been able to preserve the shroud of mystery that had kept their power unassailable for centuries. The exact disposition of the trousers of many of these is rarely left to the imagination.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ2IRczhphW85cmdKtPRd03g1s9o_G_3KPEM3Ag6QWyGO0p2XVXtgm08EZhPIVuDQ0C_-NyDhR0T0L43uf_ZYq70l7yaVoG1slmgOOPT613kOTJJENts96R7GsG0FyTwIqRJIeKooh5jo/s1600/images-1.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ2IRczhphW85cmdKtPRd03g1s9o_G_3KPEM3Ag6QWyGO0p2XVXtgm08EZhPIVuDQ0C_-NyDhR0T0L43uf_ZYq70l7yaVoG1slmgOOPT613kOTJJENts96R7GsG0FyTwIqRJIeKooh5jo/s1600/images-1.jpeg" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsYQySjNAItC6EkW3EkwyK_raKsHNKGVOrDgtDU7zdmPUZfdLaPWtDs1nXWO1J7ZR4pdHse9rfVjAawoIeLaCio2ZFMgye_SlYAG1cGnEwggQ61JfDqaIJjB3szn2aaAW3NjUEwcc2l3k/s1600/images-4.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsYQySjNAItC6EkW3EkwyK_raKsHNKGVOrDgtDU7zdmPUZfdLaPWtDs1nXWO1J7ZR4pdHse9rfVjAawoIeLaCio2ZFMgye_SlYAG1cGnEwggQ61JfDqaIJjB3szn2aaAW3NjUEwcc2l3k/s1600/images-4.jpeg" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKq4aSP1WaVpYlq3sZeEOajy6zGC9Qw443Qx36emor4871_WT9vFVkRJwwiODtZ-qwKnAZr-NWuuF22nnbhY5Ay8d6zasgNFbzHASBYricLS3n27KaEqKBMaF-IaBan-JsuXptNF0VhQg/s1600/images-3.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKq4aSP1WaVpYlq3sZeEOajy6zGC9Qw443Qx36emor4871_WT9vFVkRJwwiODtZ-qwKnAZr-NWuuF22nnbhY5Ay8d6zasgNFbzHASBYricLS3n27KaEqKBMaF-IaBan-JsuXptNF0VhQg/s1600/images-3.jpeg" /></a>And, all too often, our authorities have let us down. This, of course, is nothing new. With the centenary of the 1914-1918 War, the image of the British generals leading hundreds of thousands of men to their deaths at the Somme, Ypres, Verdun, the Marne is before us. The generals planned it, the clergy blessed it, the king told us that every death was noble, the press refused to report it, the politicians funded it; and after 1918, when the men in the trenches began to tell their stories, the underpinnings of the whole structures of authority started to crumble.<br />
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In his wonderful book <i>No Sense of Place</i> (Oxford University Press, 1986), Joshua Meyrowitz talks about this process, and about about the role of the media in pulling off the "invisibility cloak" that had allowed authority to maintain its mystique, and hence its power over us. Meyrowitz, professor of communications at the University of New Hampshire, argues that mass media have broken down the established concepts of roles, hierarchies, and identities by showing us the intimate details of the lives of authority figures, and by closing the social distance between us and them. (The number of people who said they would vote for George W. Bush because "he seemed like a guy I could sit down and have a beer with." is just one example of this.)<br />
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All of this has been brought to mind in the past week or so by the furore surrounding the vaccination of children for measles. In the past, physicians and scientists simply told us that we should be vaccinated -- for polio, for measles, for rubella and whooping cough -- and we happily complied, largely without hesitation. Many of us had seen the terrors of polio, my mother had had whooping cough as a child, her father had had smallpox. We had as a part our common memory the devastation of infectious disease, and the high-priests of science had finally conjured up our salvation from it. We were grateful. We lined up for injections. It didn't matter that we didn't understand how they worked or why they worked. The "experts," the "authorities" told us that they <i>would</i> work, and we believed them.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhODFGcU7OtIKwo7pd4ZU2EuU1TlJ0BsX777pVW2DrOh-6BwLvZagMOHXfeqXCvg5JpzuWzZiRaPZjuvP-VrT2yDXTx8bLUVNibPGVnBIWlI4qig-cd_IXIJGdhwPyrxvwSD7UI4rdvToI/s1600/images-7.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhODFGcU7OtIKwo7pd4ZU2EuU1TlJ0BsX777pVW2DrOh-6BwLvZagMOHXfeqXCvg5JpzuWzZiRaPZjuvP-VrT2yDXTx8bLUVNibPGVnBIWlI4qig-cd_IXIJGdhwPyrxvwSD7UI4rdvToI/s1600/images-7.jpeg" height="155" width="200" /></a></div>
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But the world has turned, and the words of one anti-vaccination mother are shared by many: "You just have to follow your own heart when it comes to medical decision-making.” In other words, we may not understand science, but we know what we like. Or perhaps <i>because</i> we don't understand science, and don't trust the authority of scientists, we are left with "what we like" as the ground of our decision-making. Part of our retreat from scientific authority is that, as the chemist-poet Carl Djerassi (who died at the end of January at the age of 92) says: "The talk is heavy and the words are long." And so in matters related to science, whether the science of infectious disease, or climate change, or Ebola, or the risk of the earth being hit by a meteorite, we are left to the panderers of alarm (and the anecdotes of the alarmists) to tell us what to think and believe.<br />
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Perhaps part of it is that we have begun to feel with real intensity the disjuncture between the waning authority of those who engage in scientific pursuit on the one hand, the their immense power over our lives on the other. Carl Djerassi provides a good example. Most people, it is safe to say, had never heard of him, although among his peers he was honored and respected, not least for his work over such a wide range of scientific disciplines: from marine biology to artificial intelligence, from the structure of steroids to pest control.<br />
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But Djerassi's most lasting impact on the lives of ordinary human beings was through his groundbreaking work on oral contraceptives, which gave women control of fertility and family planning, and re-ordered the balance of power between men and women. Our lives and the life of our planet has been immeasurably and irrevocably changed by the work of this one man working in his lab on things that can only be described by "heavy talk" and "long words." (Anyone with allergies or hay fever should also be grateful to Djerassi, whose work led to the development of the first commercially-available antihistamines.)<br />
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I despair the generalized scientific illiteracy of my fellow citizens. But it is not very surprising: there is simply too much to know, and things move too fast, and even the simplest explanations, precisely because they are simple, get it wrong. The "authorities" can't explain it to us, and even if they could the underpinnings of their authority are unsound, and our trust is weakened. The group to which we belong, whether we are a "crunchy Mom," an evangelical Christian, a vegan, or a GMO activist, has far more power to interpret the world of science than those who are actually doing the work, "the experts." Our group latches on to anecdotes about MMR vaccines and autism, or outlier studies about "the myth of climate change," or the Biblical view of the age of the earth, and we know what to think. It has become simple.<br />
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Do I have a solution to all of this? Do I even have a suggestion? Not really. I do know that as an immune-compromised person, I am really frightened that don't-know anything-about-science-but-know-what-they-like anti-vaccination people are putting me and lots of others at risk. I do know that I am really frightened by people who are not concerned with climate change because the Apocalypse is coming and God will rapture all the righteous off the planet before anything bad happens. I do know that I am really frightened by politicians who think that women can't get pregnant if they are the victims of "legitimate rape," and that LGBT people can be "made straight" with the right kind of psychological counseling.<br />
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But while the human consequences of these kinds of beliefs are indeed frightening, even more frightening is the certainty of those who hold them. No argument, no amount of new information, no evidence that their hypotheses are off-base, will shake their conviction.<br />
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In<i> The Importance of Stupidity in Scientific Research </i>(<i>Journal of Cell Science</i>, 2008)<i>, </i>Martin A. Schwartz, Professor of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering at Yale, talks about the role of ignorance and failure in the scientific pursuit. He says:<br />
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“The crucial lesson was that the scope of things I didn’t know wasn’t merely vast; it was, for all practical purposes, infinite. That realization, instead of being discouraging, was liberating. If our ignorance is infinite, the only possible course of action is to muddle through as best we can.”<br />
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The anti-science crowd will surely use this as a further nail in the coffin for scientific authority. "They don't know what they are doing: they're just blundering around." But Schwartz is talking about a particular kind of stupidity here, a "productive stupidity," a joy in getting things wrong because you know you are on the way to getting it right, a willingness to wade into the unknown without fear.<br />
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That indeed may be the best way of approaching the work of science. But it seems to me that it is also the best way of approaching life in general. And if we could just understand that, if we could just embrace the power of "productive stupidity" (as opposed to just plain old implacable stupidity), we might not be quite so dangerous as a species.<br />
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bibliograffitihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00074813316524099603noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3619803854129498815.post-29138882603438085922015-01-12T07:13:00.003-08:002015-01-14T04:29:06.279-08:00Waiting for the Barbarians<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Someone once said that "poetry is the best defense against prose." And at the beginning of a year when we will hear, read, and produce more prose than is probably good for us, I thought we should begin with a poem. The Greek poet C.F. Cavafy (1863-1933) published a fairly large body of work, but the only poem of his that I know is <i>Waiting for the Barbarians </i>(1904). So, with the a new Congressional year upon us, and with<i> </i>news of acts of terror and mayhem across the world in mind, I will reproduce here in full:<br />
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Waiting for the Barbarians</div>
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What are we waiting for, assembled in the forum?<br />
The barbarians are due here today.<br />
Why isn’t anything happening in the senate?<br />
Why do the senators sit there without legislating?<br />
Because the barbarians are coming today.<br />
What laws can the senators make now?<br />
Once the barbarians are here, they’ll do the legislating.<br />
Why did our emperor get up so early,<br />
and why is he sitting at the city’s main gate<br />
on his throne, in state, wearing the crown?<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMyfHpf2mo6LZZQvQK_iNjSkvRsZJBrPazDLioNIF_caJu6rCKUlAn1OBkClZan4gx9cgFqpjCPOd3TStrg_exvyv4jUlEOqjhyBORHQCGcnsm_Qqmpc0vhi6ePURDKOvJUDR9qkUZsF8/s1600/images-6.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMyfHpf2mo6LZZQvQK_iNjSkvRsZJBrPazDLioNIF_caJu6rCKUlAn1OBkClZan4gx9cgFqpjCPOd3TStrg_exvyv4jUlEOqjhyBORHQCGcnsm_Qqmpc0vhi6ePURDKOvJUDR9qkUZsF8/s1600/images-6.jpeg" height="200" width="170" /></a> Because the barbarians are coming today<br />
and the emperor is waiting to receive their leader.<br />
He has even prepared a scroll to give him,<br />
replete with titles, with imposing names.<br />
Why have our two consuls and praetors come out today<br />
wearing their embroidered, their scarlet togas?<br />
Why have they put on bracelets with so many amethysts,<br />
and rings sparkling with magnificent emeralds?<br />
Why are they carrying elegant canes<br />
beautifully worked in silver and gold?<br />
Because the barbarians are coming today<br />
and things like that dazzle the barbarians.<br />
Why don’t our distinguished orators come forward as usual<br />
to make their speeches, say what they have to say?<br />
Because the barbarians are coming today<br />
and they’re bored by rhetoric and public speaking.<br />
Why this sudden restlessness, this confusion?<br />
(How serious people’s faces have become.)<br />
Why are the streets and squares emptying so rapidly,<br />
everyone going home so lost in thought?<br />
Because night has fallen and the barbarians have not come.<br />
And some who have just returned from the border say<br />
there are no barbarians any longer.<br />
And now, what’s going to happen to us without barbarians?<br />
They were, those people, a kind of solution.<br />
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In Cavafy's poem the barbarians never do come, leaving the politicos with nothing to do and no one to blame.<br />
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But in our case the barbarians have come, and they have been very, very busy. And this week has been marked by a series of particularly barbarous public acts. For me, the most difficult image to come to grips with was of the little 10-year old Nigerian girl, strapped up to an explosive device and sent by the men of Boko Haram into a local marketplace. There they detonated the bomb by remote control, killing her and 19 others. And in this first half of the first month of the new year, there have already been too many stories like this. I feel fear and despair when I hear them. Worse still, I feel my heart slowly turning to stone.<br />
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Fear and despair and hard-heartedness are, of course, the barbarians' stock-in-trade. And in some sense they have already won: we are afraid so we don't travel and we put bigger locks on our doors, we despair so we give up on peacemaking, our hearts are hardened so we torture and we build walls between ourselves and The Other and we buy lots and lots and lots of guns.<br />
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But it is the beginning of a new year. And there is still something about the beginning of the new year that primes us for fresh starts and a future of possibilities that we intend to grasp with both hands. And we are deeply cheered, deeply moved, by the sight of millions of people filling the streets of Paris with placards: Je suis Charlie, Je suis, Ahmed, Je suis Police.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFlbhyphenhyphenUCwb5hehX1ggeMlZL492zvtjRyrPe0Vs984jjh_asXHtJTxmNFmwob4vuRy4VpLFtAJjKNrn_q6g78YlhNL65qa_ooYG3g8r5982hWRM8GWwC4kMKQjsga9nqwbb0itXq5rB-ew/s1600/images-8.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFlbhyphenhyphenUCwb5hehX1ggeMlZL492zvtjRyrPe0Vs984jjh_asXHtJTxmNFmwob4vuRy4VpLFtAJjKNrn_q6g78YlhNL65qa_ooYG3g8r5982hWRM8GWwC4kMKQjsga9nqwbb0itXq5rB-ew/s1600/images-8.jpeg" height="200" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU8c3xxWpP-AL4T5K1Kyz_SBtEeA9NqyoU0fA8qeHi7eIREMO1MEEXVB2pLVrSsRRllxEkw_0XpeSQaQ47ANgA6p4AyHVdObCN5dvl7x26RCflLbrlfdWNYvTKFXEH9_RWnlF7Or7VmMM/s1600/images-10.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU8c3xxWpP-AL4T5K1Kyz_SBtEeA9NqyoU0fA8qeHi7eIREMO1MEEXVB2pLVrSsRRllxEkw_0XpeSQaQ47ANgA6p4AyHVdObCN5dvl7x26RCflLbrlfdWNYvTKFXEH9_RWnlF7Or7VmMM/s1600/images-10.jpeg" /></a>We are cheered by the growing trend in Pakistan, where for the first time young people are willing to post calls for the end of Taliban and, even in the face of the threat of reprisal, are brave enough to give their names and show their faces on social media. We are cheered by stories of medical personnel from the West traveling to West Africa to treat the victims of ebola at great personal risk. We are are cheered by acts of courage, we are cheered by visions of hope, we are cheered by signs of faith in the future.<br />
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Yes, fear and despair and hard-heartedness are the stock-in-trade of the barbarians. But they are also, sadly, the storck-in-trade of the merchants, the sellers of bombs and guns and locks and walls. So I imagine that what used to be called the 'military-industrial complex' are intensly worried about these outbreaks of hope. I imagine they are asking, like the people in the Cavafy poem, "what's going to happen to us without the barbarians?" It is a hard combination to fight, the combination of those who incite our fear and those who profit from our fear. These days, it's hard to know which sort of barbarian is the more dangerous.<br />
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But it is the beginning of a new year. And we are primed to make a fresh start. But we know today, when the barbarians have indeed come, that the hardest New Year's Resolution we may ever have to make is a commitment to hope.<br />
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bibliograffitihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00074813316524099603noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3619803854129498815.post-89937019217674948362014-12-23T05:18:00.000-08:002014-12-23T10:49:07.670-08:00How to say a year . . .<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
To sum up a year is an impossible thing. This year has brought us joyous joys and heart-rending sorrows and the host of ordinary, nondescript days that have stitched them together.<br />
<br />
So I will let the words of others capture the spirit of this year for us. And because it is poetry most of all that has the power to compress and crystallize and and illuminate human experience, these words come in the form of three poems.<br />
<br />
We lost our last two old dogs this year, in quick succession as the nights grew longer at the tail end of the year. From his volume <i>Aimless Love</i> (Random House, 2013) former poet-laureate Billy Collins offers us "A Dog on its Master:"<br />
<br />
As young as I look,<br />
I am growing older faster than he,<br />
seven to one<br />
is the ratio they tend to say.<br />
<br />
Whatever the number,<br />
I will pass him one day<br />
and take the lead<br />
the way I do on our walks in the woods.<br />
<br />
And if this ever manages<br />
to cross his mind,<br />
it would be the sweetest<br />
shadow I have ever cast on snow or grass.<br />
<br />
(to hear Collins read this poem, go to <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iVc10aF7_gw" target="_blank">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iVc10aF7_gw</a><br />
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And I always remember the words of Martin Luther, incised on the tombstone for a dog named Spritz in a tiny German graveyard.<br />
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"Fear not, Little Dog, for in Heaven you shall have a tail of gold"<br />
<br />
We also celebrated our 20th wedding anniversary, with good food, glorious performances of Shakespeare's comedies of mis-aligned lovers, <i>Love's Labours Los</i>t and <i>Much Ado about Nothing, </i>and time spent on 'the remembrance of things past.' <br />
<br />
Young poets Sarah Kay and Phil Kay (both b. 1988) are with others co-founders of Project V.O.I.C.E, which "uses spoken word poetry to entertain, educate, and inspire," motivating young people to find their own voices and to share the stories of their lives. (See the Project V.O.I.C.E. website at <a href="http://www.projectvoice.co/project-voice-our-program" target="_blank">http://www.projectvoice.co/project-voice-our-program</a> and Sarah Kay's TED talk at <a href="http://www.ted.com/talks/sarah_kay_how_many_lives_can_you_live" target="_blank">http://www.ted.com/talks/sarah_kay_how_many_lives_can_you_live</a>)<br />
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Their own poetry gets something of the serendipity of love, its fragility and its strength. This, the last stanzas of Sarah and Phil Kay's long poem "When Love Arrives"<br />
<br />
<br />
Love is not who you were expecting, love is not who you can predict.<br />
Maybe love is in New York City, already asleep;<br />
You are in California, Australia, wide awake.<br />
Maybe love is always in the wrong time zone.<br />
Maybe love is not ready for you.<br />
Maybe you are not ready for love.<br />
Maybe love just isn’t the marrying type.<br />
Maybe the next time you see love is twenty years after the divorce, love is older now, but just as beautiful as you remembered.<br />
Maybe love is only there for a month.<br />
Maybe love is there for every firework, every birthday party, every hospital visit.<br />
Maybe love stays -- maybe love can’t.<br />
Maybe love shouldn’t.<br />
<br />
Love arrives exactly when love is supposed to,<br />
And love leaves exactly when love must.<br />
When love arrives, say, “Welcome. Make yourself comfortable.”<br />
If love leaves, ask her to leave the door open behind her.<br />
Turn off the music, listen to the quiet, whisper,<br />
“Thank you for stopping by.”<br />
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In October Vermont poet-laureate and Pulitzer-Prize winning poet Galway Kinnell died (1927-2014). His work combines a love of nature, the destructiveness of cruelty and indifference, and a spare unwavering gaze toward the deepest human relationships. Our lives this year have been filled with books and authors and words old and new, and from his 1990 collection <i>When One Has Lived A Long Time Alone</i>, Kinnell's poem "Oatmeal" captures some of the delight we have found in our long-time literary companions:<br />
<br />
<br />
I eat oatmeal for breakfast.<br />
I make it on the hot plate and put skimmed milk on it.<br />
I eat it alone.<br />
I am aware it is not good to eat oatmeal alone.<br />
Its consistency is such that is better for your mental health<br />
if somebody eats it with you.<br />
That is why I often think up an imaginary companion to have<br />
breakfast with.<br />
Possibly it is even worse to eat oatmeal with an imaginary<br />
<div>
companion. </div>
Nevertheless, yesterday morning, I ate my oatmeal -- porridge,<br />
as he called it -- with John Keats.<br />
Keats said I was absolutely right to invite him: due to its glutinous<br />
texture, gluey lumpishness, hint of slime, and unsual willingness<br />
to disintigrate, oatmeal must never be eaten alone.<br />
He said that in his opinion, however, it is perfectly OK to eat<br />
it with an imaginary companion,<br />
and that he himself had,enjoyed memorable porridges with Edmund<br />
Spenser and John Milton.<br />
Even if eating oatmeal with an imaginary companion is not as<br />
wholesome as Keats claims, still, you can learn something from it.<br />
Yesterday morning, for instance, Keats told me about writing the<br />
"Ode to a Nightingale."<br />
He had a heck of a time finishing it -- those were his words -- "Oi 'ad<br />
a 'eck of a toime," he said, more or less, speaking through his<br />
porridge.<br />
He wrote it quickly, on scraps of paper, which he then stuck in his<br />
pocket,<br />
but when he got home he couldn't figure out the order of the stanzas,<br />
and he and a friend spread the papers on a table, and they<br />
made some sense of them, but he isn't sure to this day if they got it right.<br />
An entire stanza may have slipped into the lining of his jacket through<br />
a hole in his pocket.<br />
He still wonders about the occasional sense of drift between stanzas,<br />
and the way here and there a line will go into the configuration of a<br />
Moslem at prayer, then raise itself up and peer about, and then lay<br />
itself down slightly off the mark, causing the poem to move<br />
forward with a reckless, shining wobble.<br />
He said someone told him that later in life Wordsworth heard about<br />
the scraps of paper on the table, and tried shuffling some stanzas<br />
of his own, but only made matters worse.<br />
I would not have known any of this but for my reluctance to eat oatmeal<br />
alone.<br />
When breakfast was over, John recited "To Autumn."<br />
He recited it slowly, with much feeling, and he articulated the words<br />
lovingly, and his odd accent sounded sweet.<br />
He didn't offer the story of writing "To Autumn," I doubt if there<br />
is much of one.<br />
But he did say the sight of a just-harvested oat field go thim started<br />
on it, and two of the lines, "For Summer has o'er-brimmed their<br />
clammy cells" and "Thou watchest the last oozings hours by hours," came<br />
to him while eating oatmeal alone.<br />
I can see him -- drawing a spoon through the stuff, gazing into the glimmering<br />
furrows, muttering -- and it occurs to me:.<br />
maybe there is no sublime; only the shining of the amnion's tatters.<br />
For supper tonight I am going to have a baked potato left over from lunch.<br />
I am aware that a leftover baked potato is damp, slippery, and<br />
simultaneously gummy and crumbly,<br />
and therefore I'm going to invite Patrick Kavanagh to join me.<br />
<br />
<br />
So that is our year in three poems. As I write this, I hear of the death of Joe Cocker (1944-2014), whose gritty voice (someone said he was sure that Cocker gargled gravel every morning) was for many of us of the Woodstock Generation the sound that in an instant could bring so many memories flooding back.<br />
<br />
And, like Cocker, we too "get by with a little help from our friends," this year and every year.<br />
<br />
And for each and every one of those friends, at this the darkest time of the year, we are truly and everlastingly grateful.</div>
bibliograffitihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00074813316524099603noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3619803854129498815.post-27781121875537168872014-12-06T09:28:00.004-08:002014-12-06T09:28:49.676-08:00Radio Days<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Ok, I'll admit it. I'm a radio junkie. I have been a radio-lover since the 1950s, hooked for life by the first radio I can remember: a 1938 Zenith console which lived in an alcove in the house in which I grew up. To me it was a box of wonders. A flying carpet. In addition to a regular AM band, it also had multiple long-wave bands, each one designated by a faraway and exotic place-name: Moscow, Jakarta, Paris, Havana, London, Lisbon.<br />
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From about the time I was 8 years old, I was a sort of latchkey kid. And upon arriving home to the empty house, I would grab a glass of milk and then I'd park myself in front of the Zenith. Fiddling with the dial, I would catch snatches of foreign languages on the long-wave bands until the time would come to tune in to the radio version of <i>The Guiding Light</i>, which came on each day just before my parents arrived home from work. This peek into the adult world in Selby Flats, California was both exhilarating and terrifying. That world, too, was a foreign country.<br />
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Even after the first television appeared in our house, I continued to be drawn to the radio. I would have completely agreed with the child who, when asked which she liked better, radio or television, answered, "Radio, because the pictures are better."<br />
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But before long, my radio-life would be transformed, because in 1957 I was given my first transistor radio, a Raytheon 8-TR-1. For the first time I could carry my radio-world around with me and, much more importantly, I could listen to the radio in bed, which has been unfailing my habit for nearly 6 decades now.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMLgvd7dbqjyQxn-OKrIZnOO-lKUcMUBx-X97y3Ru1zonk5Tb5oepPpItCXk6haXG1qTeBWwNgjKku3C0DNJdMcS3oymq6PfB5arY350uE3wrr5xDEX6-pjflrLxbhe8HcHcOcxCGSMUs/s1600/images-1.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMLgvd7dbqjyQxn-OKrIZnOO-lKUcMUBx-X97y3Ru1zonk5Tb5oepPpItCXk6haXG1qTeBWwNgjKku3C0DNJdMcS3oymq6PfB5arY350uE3wrr5xDEX6-pjflrLxbhe8HcHcOcxCGSMUs/s1600/images-1.jpeg" /></a><span style="text-align: left;">At every significant historical moment, it has been the radio that has brought me the news: the death of John F. Kennedy, routed from the office radio through the intercom system into my junior high school classroom; the death of Bobby Kennedy while driving from Massachusetts to Detroit; the release of Nelson Mandela from Robben Island prison broadcast by the BBC to my table radio in </span>Cambridge, England; the attack on the World Trade Center, heard through a sleepy haze first thing in the morning on the small Sony radio that lived under my bed-pillow in Fort Worth, Texas. And as I write this, National Public Radio is being streamed through my computer, and I am hearing about run-off elections, roller derby tournaments, newly-published novels, and monks in Tibet. As it always has been for me, the radio is a box of wonders, even when the box has become something else entirely.</div>
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Very few of us, I think, have much understanding of how the essential devices in our lives actually work, and it is no different for me with radio. My friend Howard Stone, an ardent collector of old radios and student of radio technology (<a href="http://www.stonevintageradio.com/" target="_blank">http://www.stonevintageradio.com</a>), seems to comprehend it all thoroughly, and has tried to explain it to me several times. Howard especially knows all about Guglielmo Marconi (1874-1937), the inventor and engineer who worked tirelessly on long-distance radio transmission. For this work, Marconi was awarded the Noble Prize in 1909 (with Ferdinand Braun), "in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy."<br />
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It was Marconi who developed the system of antennas and receivers that were the underpinnings of wireless radio transmissions, who sent the first ever wireless message across the Atlantic Ocean, who developed radio systems for ships at sea, making travel by ship a much safer prospect that it had ever been, and it was Marconi who broadcast the first radio entertainment program.</div>
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With all of this to his credit, Marconi should be a genuine hero to me, given the impact of his work on the past 60 years of my daily life. But sadly, he presents something of a problem: it seems that the great man was a bit of a villian. He was active in the Italian Fascist movement and a member of its Grand Council (Mussolini was the best man at his wedding), he supported Italy's invasion of Ethiopia (1935-1936) during which the Italians bombed Red Cross field hospitals and used poison gas on civilians. (For more on Marconi the Fascist, see Mabel Berezin, <i>Making the Fascist Self: The Political Culture of Interwar Italy</i> [Cornell, 1997]).<br />
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Marconi was also an ardent anti-Semite who blocked Jewish applicants from joining the Royal Academy of Italy, and was involved in a series of fairly shady business ventures. Lest we think that this was just a matter of intellectual 'compartmentalization,' Marconi's radio work and his politics were clearly and inextricably linked: he often argued that the fervor with which one pursued the scientific enterprise should have the same intensity with which one pursued the Fascist enterprise.<br />
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So what do we do with our tarnished heroes? Of course this is not only our problem: it was a problem for the Greek tragedians, for those whose stories underlay all the world's Sacred Scriptures, for Shakespeare, for Cervantes, for Dickens, and it continues to be a problem for all the truly great creators of complex characters in literature, on stage, and on film and television. (<i>Doc Martin</i>, <i>House</i>, and <i>Doctor Who</i> all come to mind.) Much as we would like it to be different, the perfect hero is just not a very interesting hero. <br />
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But is there a tipping point? Is there a point at which our hero causes so much harm to others that any positive accomplishment is rendered null and void? When is the wounded-healer too wounded to heal? When is the tarnished hero too tarnished to shine?<br />
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Of course these are the questions that shape our lives, and sorting them out is our life's work. Conflict, ambiguity, uncertainty are necessary to that grown-up world that I glimpsed as a child in <i>The Guiding Light. </i>Our grown-up world is a world where the good characters are good (most but not all of the time) and the bad characters are bad (most but not all of the time), and the task of the whole and sane person is to negotiate all of this intelligently and fairly. Because to fail in this task puts so much at risk: our personal relationships, our politics, our interfaith and international relations, the future well-being of our planet.<br />
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So perhaps we must look upon Marconi as the "patron saint" of the Modern World: so many good things for which we must be ever-grateful, and so many dreadful things which we justly condemn. In himself, Marconi represents the modern predicament. And to find a way of allowing complexity and ambiguity to be what it is, without either simplifying it out of existence on the one hand, or collapsing it into a one-dimensional cartoon on the other, is the main challenge of being alive in the 21st century.<br />
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So: Salute, Marconi! (And shame on you.)<br />
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bibliograffitihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00074813316524099603noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3619803854129498815.post-18517423972497574502014-11-27T06:05:00.001-08:002014-11-27T06:05:52.203-08:00Two Hundred and Thirty-Three!!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The town of Saint-Omer in northern France (current population 15,700) is back on the map. Of course it was never really completely off the map. But to whom it belonged was the subject of a long series of struggles, and from the late 10th century it was passed back and forth between France and the Low Countries several times, and was besieged, plundered and looted over and over again. Internally, disputes also raged, in this case between two rival monasteries, Saint-Bertin and Notre Dame, for 900 years.<br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">the abbey of St Bertin</span></div>
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A few events have left a lasting impression on the historical record. The Jesuit Robert Persons founded a College in Saint-Omer 1593, which had as its mission the education of refugee Catholics after the English penal laws were put into place. And it was from Saint-Omer that Henry VIII imported an expert swordsman to insure that the execution of Anne Boleyn would go smoothly.</div>
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But things have been relatively quiet in Saint-Omer for the past 200 years or so; that is, until last Saturday. Last Saturday, Eric Rasmussen was in Saint-Omer to verify that a book found in the town library (the Bibliothèque Municipale) was indeed one of the few original First Folio editions of the works of Shakespeare (Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies, 1623).</div>
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Rasmussen’s qualifications for this task are impeccable: professor and chair of the department of English at the University of Nevada, author (with Anthony James West) of The Shakespeare First Folios: A Descriptive Catalogue (Palgrave Macmillan, 2012), developer of the Internet Shakespeare Project and editor of the RSC Complete Works of Shakespeare series. No wonder it took him less than 5 minutes to determine the authenticity of the book!</div>
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The Saint-Omer First Folio was found by the Library staff during a hunt for volumes to be included in an upcoming exhibition of English-language books. It had been catalogued as an 18th century edition of Shakespeare works,”and it was just sitting on a shelf alongside other books by English authors,” the library’s Rare Books librarian Rémy Cordonnier said. The town library retains some of the books originally held by the Abbey of St Bertain, but this is likely from the library of the College of St Omer. The Bibliothèque Municipale also has one of the 48 surviving copies of the Gutenberg Bible, although its copy is incomplete. (Were these deemed not worth moving when the College relocated to England in 1794?)</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCYxav_xLryaBSiEkz-iPukdm38MMBL8EDYJdXcF1P8XLOFpBWjEMdL74JuyMpuGwdgtyuUT68KMhB4qblY0hgzTdN9M-G61dOC77Lg7FAOG5Ukynf2ekEDyLCxMhRdrlpK5SFLvDtTI8/s1600/images-7.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCYxav_xLryaBSiEkz-iPukdm38MMBL8EDYJdXcF1P8XLOFpBWjEMdL74JuyMpuGwdgtyuUT68KMhB4qblY0hgzTdN9M-G61dOC77Lg7FAOG5Ukynf2ekEDyLCxMhRdrlpK5SFLvDtTI8/s1600/images-7.jpeg" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9RDpDHwurFA5F58DCLsUBbKdai2wIBsQPYA3bUI_TVsrXcj6ssJbw-wlsDbKiE197-LsCy1umsKJQkXKHfdgkqaCZ80VPRojbfx2ouXyBYOfS-7FAWr_8vhmUjRjehXPrl_MCcXJbSn8/s1600/images-6.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9RDpDHwurFA5F58DCLsUBbKdai2wIBsQPYA3bUI_TVsrXcj6ssJbw-wlsDbKiE197-LsCy1umsKJQkXKHfdgkqaCZ80VPRojbfx2ouXyBYOfS-7FAWr_8vhmUjRjehXPrl_MCcXJbSn8/s1600/images-6.jpeg" /></a>The newly-discovered Omer First Folio bears the name ‘Nevill,’ a Catholic family name with a rich pedigree in the highly-charged religio-polical world of the 16th and early-17th centuries. It was the Nevilles (along with the Percys) who had been at the center of the Revolt of the Northern Earls in 1569, which aimed to depose the Protestant Elizabeth and to replace her with the Catholic Mary. The revolt ended in disaster, and members of the Neville family fled into exile abroad. Like Shakespeare, the Nevilles had Warwickshire roots, and Warwickshire was known to be a hotbed of Catholic sedition. An Edmund Neville (1605-1647) is known to have been educated at the College. And members of the Scarisbrick family also adopted the alias 'Neville;' Edmund Scarisbrick (1639-1708) was also a student at Saint Omer.</div>
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One wonders what the network of spies in Elizabeth’s court, who were always looking for signs of religious treachery and who make the TSA look like rank amateurs, would have made of this First Folio in the collection of renegade Catholic institution? Would Will Shakespeare have had to answer some probing questions? </div>
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"Jean-Christophe Mayer, a Shakespeare expert at the University of Montpellier III, France, cautioned against making too strong a connection, but noted that a library in the northern French town of Douai also owned some early transcripts of Shakespeare’s plays. 'It’s interesting that the plays were on the syllabuses at these colleges,' he said. The new folio, he added, “could be part of the puzzle of Shakespeare’s place in Catholic culture.'” <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/26/arts/shakespeare-folio-discovered-in-france-.html?_r=0" target="_blank">http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/26/arts/shakespeare-folio-discovered-in-france-.html?_r=0</a></blockquote>
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We await with interest the further insights of the serious Shakespeare scholars, but in the meantime we rejoice at this remarkable discovery. Check your attics, everyone!</div>
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bibliograffitihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00074813316524099603noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3619803854129498815.post-50764272663215512592014-11-19T09:27:00.001-08:002014-11-19T09:27:47.684-08:00The Eyes Have It!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">I'm having warm thoughts about ophthalmology these days. My spouse has just had a cataract removed, and over the past several weeks we have seen (and been seen by) more different kinds of eye specialists than I imagined possible. The eye is a remarkable structure, and the science of the eye has a long and rich </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">medical, bibliographical, literary </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">history. But as a focus within the history of Islamic medicine, it has a particular status.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCpvO7saMqKBM9ukTL7yryeU0j2_5qoeDkZNddXBoz-bORRA23CAa6TPX85K7UxKo4pAmkulvdXAoVP_mHo1C74xLmVZZDhuHh0R9lF7jWVWD7F5rZyiU3MvaXrKkTuqfftSdNodeabvU/s1600/images-1.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCpvO7saMqKBM9ukTL7yryeU0j2_5qoeDkZNddXBoz-bORRA23CAa6TPX85K7UxKo4pAmkulvdXAoVP_mHo1C74xLmVZZDhuHh0R9lF7jWVWD7F5rZyiU3MvaXrKkTuqfftSdNodeabvU/s1600/images-1.jpeg" /></a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">The earliest systematic treatise on the eye is attributed to the Islamic scholar and physician Hunayn ibn Ishaq (809-873), who spent much of his storied career translating Greek and Syriac manuscripts, and thus spreading classical influence throughout the Muslim world. His <i>Ten Treatises on the Eye</i> is not, however, one of these translations, but rather among his works of original medical research. It describes the anatomy of the eye in exquisite detail, and discusses treatments for, among other things, cataracts.</span></span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">But for nearly a thousand years this treatise was lost, although secondary references to it gave scholars some sense of its contents. The great historian of medicine Julius Hirschberg (1843-1925) discovered a Latin manuscript of <i>The Ten Treatises</i> bound into a collection of works by Galen (c.129-200 or 216), and Orientalist Max Meyerhoff (1874-1945), the preeminent student of Arabic medical literature, discovered a (rather corrupt) Arabic version of the text in the Islamic library of Ahmed Taimur Pasha (1872-1940) in Cairo. It was Meyerhoff who managed to produce a full critical edition by comparing the Cairo text with another more complete manuscript in Leningrad.</span></span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Max Meyerhoff</span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Meyerhoff described the growth of the Muslim study of medicine, launched by those like Hunayn ibn Ishaq who began by translating classical manuscripts:</span></span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">“At the end of the period of translation, the physicians and scientists of the Islamic world stood on a firm foundation of Greek science, increased by a large share of Persian and Indian thought and experience. Their work had been learned but was not very original. From this time on they begin to rely upon their own resources and develop from within. The sciences, particularly medicine, now pass rapidly from the hands of Christians and Sabians into the possession of Muslim scholars, mostly Persians. In medicine, in place of pandects compiled from antique sources, we find imposing encyclopedic works in which the knowledge of former generations is carefully classified and set against that of modern times.” (Meyerhof, <i>Science and Medicine: The Legacy of Islam</i>, 322)</span></blockquote>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">It was clear to Meyerhoff and others that ophthalmology was a respected profession in medieval Islamic society, which was not the case in Galen's Rome, where the 'occulist' was deemed a second class medical professional. The crafting of precise specialized medical instruments for the study of the eye (described in the <i>Ten Treatises</i>) combined with theoretical experimental work, resulted in rapid innovation in the care of the eye. The treatment of cataracts described by Hunayn was aided by the development of instruments such as the 'injection syringe,' a hollow needle invented in the 11th century by Ammar ibn Ali of Mosul, which made possible the extraction by suction of soft cataracts.</span></span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Hunays writes about performing surgery for a cataract:</span></span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">"Then I operated on him with the hollow needle and extracted the cataract; and he saw immediately and did not need to lie, but slept as he liked. Only I bandaged his eye for seven days. With this needle nobody preceded me. I have done many operations with it in Egypt."</span></blockquote>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Throughout the Middle Ages, Islamic physicians advanced the knowledge and treatment of eye diseases, and treatises by Averroes, Ali ibn Isa al-Kahhal’, Jibrail Bukhtishu and Ibn al-Nafis provided solid ground for the field of ophthalmology. A splendid account by Cyril Elgood details this period of medical science: <a href="http://www.amazon.com/Medical-History-Persia-Eastern-Caliphate/dp/1108015883" target="_blank">http://www.amazon.com/Medical-History-Persia-Eastern-Caliphate/dp/1108015883</a></span></span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">A Medical History of Persia</span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">But sadly, most of this Islamic scholarship in the field of ophthalmology </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">(from the Greek ὀφθαλμός = eye) was lost to Western physicians, and as</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"> a distinct medical specialty in the West, ophthalmology dates its origins only from the appointment by St Bartholomew's Hospital of the first eye surgeon in 1727, from the founding of the ophthalmological hospital i London (later Moorfields Eye Hospital ) in 1805, and from the founding of the American Ophthalmological Society in 1864. Ten years earlier, in 1854, Hermann von Helmholtz (1821-1894) had (re)invented the ophthalmoscope making direct observation of the interior of the eye again possible..</span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Moorfields Eye Hospital</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times; font-size: small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">The continuing quest for the treatment of diseases of the eye and the reduction of blindness is a noble and often-overlooked aspect of Islamic history. And our experience </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">over the past several days</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"> of a return to eye heath after a routine outpatient operation is a thing for which we are enormously grateful, grateful to the giants of both Muslim and Western medical practice. But we wonder if the ophthalmological science of the Muslim world had not been ignored (and, in most cases, despised) by the West, if the quality of life of generations of our forebears with eye disease would have been vastly improved.</span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJGbqFLePaWUCSzuWtslV1g1x95q19SvEZSTilU6n0GjB0sgwVIK_bp0CY3WxFTi66hQ7FW89x0zw-8vyi1OYoHpilIkR6XiVqzPpnilKgHxpi8fKf7v0OWHiz2TyZN49czWMuw0UZu5g/s1600/images-8.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJGbqFLePaWUCSzuWtslV1g1x95q19SvEZSTilU6n0GjB0sgwVIK_bp0CY3WxFTi66hQ7FW89x0zw-8vyi1OYoHpilIkR6XiVqzPpnilKgHxpi8fKf7v0OWHiz2TyZN49czWMuw0UZu5g/s1600/images-8.jpeg" /></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">In his 1995 novel </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">
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</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><i>Ensaio sobre a Cegueira</i></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"> (= <i>Essay on Blindness</i>), Portuguese Nobel Prize winner Jose Saramago (1922-2010) describes an epidemic of blindness that seizes an unnamed city. We follow the characters as their social fabric unravels and as they attempt to create new forms of communit</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">y. Sight and s</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">ightlessness become an extended metaphors for the ability to form human connections, </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">and we observe the anxiety, apathy, violence, and despair that attends the loss of sight. Many of the characters are named by their disability: the boy with the squint, the girl with dark glasses, the man with the eye patch.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">And throughout the novel we are called to appreciate, as we ourselves do this week after cataract surgery, the various deep meanings of the phrase "I see."</span></div>
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bibliograffitihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00074813316524099603noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3619803854129498815.post-49615193588231940332014-11-13T13:12:00.003-08:002014-11-13T13:12:52.595-08:00All Six Every Year . . .<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Someone once asked philosopher Gilbert Ryle (1900-1976) if he ever read novels. "Yes, certainly," he replied. "I read all six every year."<br />
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The 'six' to which he referred were, of course, the six novels of Jane Austen: <i>Sense and Sensibility</i> (1811), <i>Pride and Prejudice </i>(1813), <i>Mansfield Park</i> (1814), <i>Emma</i> (1815), <i>Persuasion</i> (1817 posthumously), and <i>Northanger Abbey</i> (1817 posthumously). Although they received relatively few reviews in her lifetime, they soon became fashionable reading for the taste-makers of the day, and by the time of her death had been translated into French, German, and Swedish. Although it was not until the mid-20th century that the academic world acknowledged her as one of the great English novelists, the memoir written by James Edward Austen Leigh published in 1870 gave readers a sense of the personality behind the novels, leading to the burgeoning of cultivated readership which has lasted until the present day.<br />
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James Edward Austen-Leigh</div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span">There is also reason to think about Austen on this the 100th anniversary year of the outbreak of the 1914-1918 War. I</span>t was Rudyard Kipling (1865-1936) who coined the term 'Janeites' for Austen's admirers. In one of his Great War stories entitled "The Janeites," a secret-society of Austen-lovers recall having taken her books with them into the trenches. And in Kipling's evocative dialect prose, they banter about Austen's stories and characters. This from a soldier named Humberstall, recalling his reading of <i>Emma</i>: "And—oh yes—there was a Miss Bates; just an old maid runnin’ about like a hen with ’er ’ead cut off, an’ her tongue loose at both ends. I’ve got an aunt like ’er. Good as gold—but, you know.’<br />
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Kipling also penned a bit of doggerel in her memory:<br />
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Jane lies in Winchester—blessed be her shade!</div>
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Praise the Lord for making her, and her for all she made!</div>
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And while the stones of Winchester, </div>
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or Milsom Street, remain,</div>
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Glory, love, and honour unto England’s Jane!</div>
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(You can read "The Janeites" on the website of the Jane Austen Society of North America: <a href="http://www.jasna.org/membership/janeites.html" target="_blank">http://www.jasna.org/membership/janeites.html</a> )<br />
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Since then, Austen in every generation has continued to find new audiences all around the world. A great number of sequels and prequels to the "six novels" have found their way into print, and the most recent crop of Austen films (graced by such stars as Kiera Knightley, Emma Thompson, Donald Sutherland and Colin Firth) and have increased popular interest in Austen and her work. Even Bollywood has gotten in on the act!<br />
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Just a few days ago at Sotheby's London sale-room, a 1st edition of <i>Pride and Prejudice</i> sold for a record price of £139,250 (that is, $218,898.22). That was 150K times more than its original cost of 90pence in today's money.<br />
<a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1325055/Early-edition-Jane-Austens-Pride-Prejudice-auctioned-140-000.html" target="_blank">http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1325055/Early-edition-Jane-Austens-Pride-Prejudice-auctioned-140-000.html</a> <br />
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And in case you really want a first edition for yourself (as originally published in in three volumes), you can have one: Jonker's Rare Books in Henley-on-Thames near Oxford has one currently for sale at just $93,392.64: <a href="https://www.jonkers.co.uk/authors/detail/authorid/2599" target="_blank">https://www.jonkers.co.uk/authors/detail/authorid/2599</a><br />
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But, for me, I'm happy with my tatty old set of Penguin Classics of Austen, each one read every year for more than a decade. And now that winter is beginning to close in, I'll begin my reading of "all six" for this year with <i>Emma.</i><br />
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bibliograffitihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00074813316524099603noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3619803854129498815.post-51961035054279376622014-10-31T06:46:00.000-07:002014-10-31T06:46:17.195-07:00Love's Labours Won?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Our heads are filled with Will Shakespeare these days. Not only is 2014 his 450th birthday year, but we have just returned from 4 days in Stratford-upon-Avon, walking in his footsteps and seeing his words come to life on stage. It was our wedding anniversary, and Romantic Providence conspired for the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) to lay on performances of both <i>Love's Labours Lost</i> and <i>Love's Labours Won</i> in a tandem production in their new performance space.<br />
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<i>set of Love's Labors Lost at the Royal Shakespeare Company Theatre</i></div>
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Yes, I can hear you saying, "<i>Love's Labors Won</i>? Did I miss something? I don't remember anything about a <i>Love's Labours Won</i> from Shakespeare 101." Of course you are right. And there's a real mystery about <i>Love's Labours Won </i>(here forward <i>LLW</i>), with much academic ink being spilled by Shakespeare scholars proposing various solutions. Here's the synopsis of their problem:<br />
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A play called <i>LLW</i> was included in a list of Shakespeare plays in a book entitled <i>Palladis Tamia, Wits Treasury</i> (1598), a sort of commonplace book by Francis Meres (1565/6-1647), which contains the earliest references to Shakespeare's plays. The <i>Palladis</i> was used as a schoolbook in the 1630s and refers not only to the plays of Shakespeare, but also to the death of playwright Christopher Marlowe ("the tragicall death of our tragical poet").<br />
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Of course, in making up his list Meres could have been mistaken, or he could have invented the title <i>LLW</i>, although his <i>Palladis</i> was reprinted so many times that one of the editors in his lifetime (and Shakespeare's) would surely have caught and corrected the error. So, with this possibility generally discounted, what are we left with?<br />
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Many scholars have thought that <i>LLW</i> is simply a lost play of Shakespeare, a sequel to <i>Love's Labours Lost</i> [<i>LLL</i>] (which does rather cry out for a sequel, given its rather unsatisfactory ending) written sometime before 1558 - thus included in Meres list - but not included in the First Folio or the successive early compilations of Shakespeare plays. This is not an absurd idea at all. In their day Shakespeare plays were ephemera, never written with the intention that they would be published, or even completely duplicated as full scripts to be handed around to the players. Indeed each individual part, with its individual speeches and cue lines, was produced on a long, narrow roll of paper for each player (thus, some argue, the use of the term <i>role</i> for an actor's part). So the possibility of one or more 'lost plays' of Shakespeare is a very real one. [Those of you who are fans of the BBC television series <i>Doctor Who</i> will remember just how it came to be lost. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Shakespeare_Code">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Shakespeare_Code</a> and it is featured in the plot of Edmund Crispin's wonderful academic mystery <i>Love Lies Bleeding</i> (1948)]<br />
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The third possibility, is that <i>LLW</i> is the alternative name (or a sub-title) for another Shakespeare play. For many years scholars suggested <i>The Taming of the Shrew</i> (missing from Mere's list) is the play to which <i>LLW</i> refers. But in 1953 London antiquarian book dealer Solomon Pottesman discovered bookseller's list from 1603 used as binding material for another book. This list does contain both <i>Taming</i> and <i>LLW</i> ("marchant of vennis, taming of a shrew, …loves labor lost, loves labor won") so the argument that <i>Shrew</i> and <i>LLW</i> are one and the same play has been rather abandoned. This leaves the front-runner at this point <i>Much Ado About Nothing </i>(c. 1558), with its sniping lovers and mistaken identities, and this is the choice made by the RSC in the productions that we saw last week. So under the title <i>Love's Labours Won </i>we saw a brilliant production of <i>Much Ado.</i><br />
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To commemorate the 100th anniversary of the beginning of the 1914-1918 War, the RSC chose to set the two plays, <i>LLL</i> and <i>LLW</i>, just before and just after the war, <i>LLL</i> in August of 1914 and <i>LLW</i> in the late-November-December following the Armistice. With both plays set in a Downton-Abbey-esque country house, the pre-war setting gives the comedy of <i>LLL</i> a sort of undertone of urgency and menace, and the return from war in <i>LLW</i> makes real sense of the senseless malevolence of Don John, who in this production returns wounded. Lines which tell us that one cannot "patch grief with proverbs" have an added depth and power and resonance. <a href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/theatre/theatre-reviews/11167470/Loves-Labours-LostLoves-Labours-Won-Royal-Shakespeare-Theatre-review.html">http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/theatre/theatre-reviews/11167470/Loves-Labours-LostLoves-Labours-Won-Royal-Shakespeare-Theatre-review.html</a><br />
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Both productions were magical, and Stratford-upon-Avon was magical. And the glover's son, born in a Warwichshire backwater town, educated at an ordinary grammar school, eyes and ears open to the world and not enough words in the English language to say what he had to say, remains a magician. And we were completely taken in.<br />
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For my part, in reflecting on this time in Stratford, and the marking of our 20 years of marriage, I will take as my own the words of Claudio on hearing that Hero will be his bride (<i>LLW</i>/<i>Ado</i>, 2:1): "Silence is the perfectest herald of joy: I were but little happy, if I could say how much."<br />
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<i> motto board posted in Shakespeare's boyhood schoolroom, Stratford-upon-Avon Grammar School</i><br />
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bibliograffitihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00074813316524099603noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3619803854129498815.post-48638519195351964542014-10-14T06:15:00.000-07:002014-10-14T06:15:26.610-07:00If You Don't Know the Meaning of Eschatology, it's Not the End of the World<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
When we lived in Texas, we commonly saw cars bearing the bumper-stickers saying, "In case of Rapture, this car will be unmanned." (And very occasionally we would see cars belonging to the 'loyal opposition,' whose bumper-stickers read: "In case of Rapture, can I have your car?") A visiting English friend, who happens to be a noted New Testament scholar, asked us what "all this Rapture business" was all about. Pointing her to various biblical texts upon which those with an apocalyptic bent rest their convictions, she exclaimed, "People don't really BELIEVE that, do they??!" Thus spake the Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity of the University of Cambridge.<br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Lady Margaret Beaufort 1442-1509</span><br />
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But, mainstream New Testament scholars notwithstanding, the end of the world is big business. The recent reboot of the <i>Left Behind</i> film made $6.5 million on its debut weekend (October 3-5, 2014) <a href="http://www.leftbehindmovie.com/about/">http://www.leftbehindmovie.com/about/</a>, and the the original series of 12 Rapture-related books by Tim LaHaye and Jerry Jenkins (Tyndale House, 1995-2007) has exceeded $75 million in sales, not counting the royalties on its various spin-offs: video games, graphic novels, children's books, and music collections.<br />
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Predictions of the precise date and time of the final apocalypse, signs by which one might identify the Anti-Christ (Barack Obama? The Pope? The United Nations?), and the fate of those who will be 'left behind' when Christian Believers are taken up bodily into heaven are matters that occupy the minds of a particular subset of American Christians. And they seem to be willing to part with substantial amounts of their hard-earned dollars to have some sense of certainty about their ultimate fate and about the signs by which they can identify the approach of the End Times.<br />
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But for most of us, the eschaton, Armageddon, the Rapture and the various predictions surrounding the Final Conflagration are simply human socio-religious curiosities. Despite the efforts of millennialists to scare the living daylights out of us (or perhaps more aptly, to scare the hell out of us), we are just not, as the new catch-phrase goes, "Rapture Ready." If we wish to be, however, there are numberless books, websites, videos, televangelists, and chat-lines that will help us prepare.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrIMemqwUwXaTDrAoauYHCa2fcvPoTcmRPF1AJM0yaBpRopxCtn2Xy1i2JmTQGzwnTHW3fQTt8RKeHUHkjLbM7op3LIjmeBZqCxXMsAFlrU6-uVMU4SC4qrxEyqeLOp1EiBkCIE4AwRWE/s1600/images-11.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrIMemqwUwXaTDrAoauYHCa2fcvPoTcmRPF1AJM0yaBpRopxCtn2Xy1i2JmTQGzwnTHW3fQTt8RKeHUHkjLbM7op3LIjmeBZqCxXMsAFlrU6-uVMU4SC4qrxEyqeLOp1EiBkCIE4AwRWE/s1600/images-11.jpeg" /></a>But even those who are convinced that they are "Rapture material" have certain post-Rapture needs, and a whole service-industry has gown up to meet these needs. As an animal-lover, my favorite Rapture-related service is meant to deal with Left Behind pets. <i>After the Rapture Pet Care</i>. ("After the Rapture, who will care for your pets?") <a href="http://www.aftertherapturepetcare.com/">http://www.aftertherapturepetcare.com/</a> is a service that identifies "Christian-owned pets," and provides a network of non-Christians (those, obviously, not destined for life everlasting) who "have agreed to rescue and care for our members’ pets if we all disappear."<br />
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Sharon Moss, who is the brains behind this service, says that she was motivated by the need for her Raptured clients to have the peace-of-mind of knowing that their stewardship of their pets will continue after they disappear. She also offers a range of rapture-related merchandise through her site to spread the word about the need of pet-related Rapture-readiness.<br />
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<i>After the Rapture</i> has endured a fair amount of mocking commentary since it was first established: from Believers who argue that Rapture-ready people should be spending their time trying the convert the non-Rapture-ready, not worrying about pets, and from non-Believers who claim that what Moss is doing is simply scamming the gullible. But I am not about to join in with the mockery, because Moss seems to be a happy anomaly in the world of Rapture-ready Christianity.<br />
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In Texas, where nearly 60% of inhabitants think that Jesus is returning in the near future and that they will be taken bodily from the earth before the final Tribulation, we provided foster-care for Golden Retriever Rescue, a non-profit breed rescue society that re-homed abandoned, abused and neglected dogs. <a href="http://goldenretrievers.org/">http://goldenretrievers.org/</a><br />
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We we were up to our eyeballs in maltreated Retrievers. And when I asked myself why that should be so, it occasionally occurred to me that if you really believe that your future and the future of your children and grandchildren is not an earthly one, then your duty of care to dependent animals (as the <i>After the Rapture Pet Care</i> website says "It’s true God loves all animals, but there is nothing Biblical about pets being raptured.") will be diminished.<br />
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The same principle likely applies to the environment: what does it matter if the water is polluted, the air unbreathable, the ice-caps are melting? Very soon, the Raptured just won't have to worry about any of it, because they will be extracted from the Earth, leaving it to burn in the final conflagration. Neither is the plight of the poor likely to be a high priority. The Believing Poor will be Raptured; the Unbelieving Poor won't be, so what's the problem?<br />
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Rapture-readiness is not just a personal theological choice; as a life-stance it has very real consequences, personal, local, and global. On a national scale, where Rapture-ready politicians and opinion-makers are advocating public policy based on their extractionist eschatology, it bears the seeds of real disaster. <br />
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I'm not a political animal, but it does seem to me that we should be thinking about these matters when we decide who will get our votes in November. And as for Rapture-readying our pets: it is a kindness, and not to be despised.</div>
bibliograffitihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00074813316524099603noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3619803854129498815.post-20020293908003467032014-10-07T11:55:00.002-07:002014-10-07T16:44:17.324-07:00"The Caterpillars of the Commonwealth"<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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This week I've been digging into the first cycle of Shakespeare's history plays: Richard II, Henry IV (Parts 1 and 2) and Henry V, having watched again the BBC's astonishing television series <i>The Hollow Crown</i>. Populated by the cream of British stage actors, and produced as part of the UK's 2012 "Cultural Olympics" (to coincide with the London Summer Olympics), <i>The Hollow Crown</i> (<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hHia1zu_YNI">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hHia1zu_YNI</a>) garnered both rave reviews and a host of awards for its cast and crew.<br />
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But it is a <i>tangled web</i> (no, not a quote from Shakespeare, as it is so often thought, but rather from Sir Walter Scott) that we enter when we get into the history plays, and for a scorecard of the players I've relied on Peter Saccio's dense but in informative <i>Shakespeare's English Kings: History, Chronicle, and Drama</i> (Oxford University Press, 2000).<br />
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As Shakespeare draws him, Richard II is the flawed, doomed and (eventually rather demented) king surrounded by self-promoters and scoundrels and sycophants. The man who would eventually take his crown, Henry Bolingbroke, describes Richard's advisors as "caterpillars of the commonwealth" (2.3.11), munching their way through the lush and lovely garden that is England.<br />
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The phrase 'caterpillars of the commonwealth' was not new with Shakespeare. In 1577 <i>A Description of Elizabethan England</i> has a chapter on "The Provision for the Poor" (Book III., Chapter 5) which differentiates between the "godly poor" and the "ungracious rabble," and rebukes those who are strong and able-bodied but refuse to work:<br />
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"But in fine they are all thieves and <i>caterpillars in the commonwealth</i>, and by the Word of God not permitted to eat, but they do but lick the sweat from the true labourers’ brows, and bereave the godly poor of that which is due unto them, to maintain their excess, consuming the charity of well-disposed people bestowed upon them, after a most wicked and detestable manner."</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVnHuBR6n7Oaj7kU85B0Q2ral6kjRbV81Zl347N2MZI_-Rd6E61Smvl0eFVxLXXOV2ysfTS709PDrCz34nDr94VbCHNhE98dzBHryM_kOlTNMpee64gQmY452NL9bhdDI6Siv0V_jpK78/s1600/images-5.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVnHuBR6n7Oaj7kU85B0Q2ral6kjRbV81Zl347N2MZI_-Rd6E61Smvl0eFVxLXXOV2ysfTS709PDrCz34nDr94VbCHNhE98dzBHryM_kOlTNMpee64gQmY452NL9bhdDI6Siv0V_jpK78/s1600/images-5.jpeg" /></a>The <i>Description</i> is a polemical tract by the English Calvinist William Harrison (1534-1593) and was included in Raphael Holinshead's <i>Chronicles of England, Scotlande and Irelande</i> [1587], a principal source for Shakespeare's English history plays. (For more about Harrison see G.J. R. Parry, <i>A Protestant Vision: William Harrison and the Reformation of Elizabethan England </i>[Cambridge University Press, 2002 <a href="http://www.history.ac.uk/reviews/review/302">http://www.history.ac.uk/reviews/review/302</a>]).<br />
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But it is no wonder that Shakespeare plucked the juicy phrase "caterpillars of the commonwealth" for his own use. As a word-picture it is sublime! The root word 'pil' in caterpillar is the same as that in pillage: i.e., “to rob, plunder, or ravage.” <i>Caterpillars of the Commonwealth</i> evokes the ravaging of Eden, the despoilation of what is fruitful, the ruination of the orderly and the good by greedy predators.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdvmYrI5vg77LsVzRmIfrCAT6W9HZTKfuqIA7HNKbFVJuFYnE3ISYHR58IaqYvH2qdbpN71F5wz9xyTovWYcAh8UnBgujCE7zft7tmNk9EG_VyRk1n94WhzHXg4O_H1frfFaL5VpXVXT0/s1600/images-4.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdvmYrI5vg77LsVzRmIfrCAT6W9HZTKfuqIA7HNKbFVJuFYnE3ISYHR58IaqYvH2qdbpN71F5wz9xyTovWYcAh8UnBgujCE7zft7tmNk9EG_VyRk1n94WhzHXg4O_H1frfFaL5VpXVXT0/s1600/images-4.jpeg" /></a>But it is interesting that Shakespeare intentionally shifted the referent of the phrase from the "undeserving poor" of Harrison/Holinshead to those involved in political intrigue, plotting, and malice. And Richard II is not the only place that this derogative use of <i>caterpillars</i> appears in the history plays to refer to politics. In Henry IV a messenger to the king also refers to an approaching rebel troop of “scholars, lawyers, courtiers, gentlemen” as “false caterpillars.” As an insult, c<i>aterpillars of the Commonwealth </i>is as fit for the Elizabethan Court as it is, at times, for the American Congress or the English Parliament.<br />
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So, if you are hunting for an insult for your favorite crop of politicians, Will Shakespeare is your man! (Do have a look at the do-it-yourself Shakespeare Insult Kit at <a href="http://www.pangloss.com/seidel/Shaker/">http://www.pangloss.com/seidel/Shaker/</a>)<br />
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bibliograffitihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00074813316524099603noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3619803854129498815.post-7313571945517645502014-09-30T09:18:00.000-07:002014-10-03T07:56:07.702-07:00The Book-Lover's Regrets<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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booksellers live with a host of regrets: the books you didn’t buy, the books
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I got thinking about this as I
was going through our<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>little collection
of books by the writer-illustrator Maurice Sendak (1928-2012). I have loved
Sendak’s work ever since my son was given <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">In
the Night Kitchen</i> (Harper and Row, 1970) for his third birthday. Winner of
the Caldecott Medal for 1971, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">In the
Night Kitchen</i> instantly became required nightly bedtime reading in our
house. We knew every word by heart, my son and I, we rejoiced together in
little Mickey’s journey through the bakery, and we laughed together – every
night, as if we’d never seen it before – at the image of the little boy
emerging from the cake batter.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;">But to my surprise, not everyone thought I was showing sufficient parental care in allowing my son to be exposed to this book. Because our young hero Mickey is occasionally nude, <i>In the Night Kitchen</i> is enshrined at number 24 on the American Library Association’s list of 100 Most Frequently Challenged Books for 1990-2000, and has been banned from school libraries all around the country. The ALA Banned Books Week, just finished for this year, always brings naked Mickey to </span></span></div>
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mind</div>
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But banned or not, I was hooked on Maurice Sendak. And here’s where the regret comes in. A few years after I had started my personal collection of Sendak books, I was in a second-hand book shop in Chicago and in a section of $3-apiece clearance books (mostly well-used and out-of-date textbooks) I found the most difficult-to-find of all Sendak books: <i>Atomics for the Millions</i> (McGraw-Hill, 1947). An ordinary grade-school science book, it contains Sendak’s very first illustrations in a published book. Truth be told, on that day in Chicago there was not one copy but two copies on the shelves. And I bought only one of them. It seemed to me then that spending 6 dollars on two identical copies of the same book was a trifle reckless. And I have regretted it ever since.</span>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Evidently, I didn’t learn much
from my mistake. And since then the regrets have just kept on piling up: a
pristine 2-volume set of Fridtjof Nansen’s <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">In
Northern Mists: Arctic Exploration in Early Times</i> (William Heinemann, 1911)
left at a charity bookstore in Cambridge, England, a small collection of
scholarly books on the Radical Reformation at a going-out-of-business sale in
Arlington Texas, a copy of Robert Ridgway’s <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Color
Standards and Color Nomenclature </i>(Privately Published, 1912) left behind at
a library book sale in Lebanon, New Hampshire. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirX-vDzvIBtO2ZWpshNAKjtTYojN7EQDtfsL7KstTrgiHSp3qGtF9yD_5Bh7tfOUOjSvAD0TPEeB22Twwz1eocGg43WFhY2m5WkTSAGCKG2F5K2c250y5qrZhO90ab9lRRsEmMmquuKRA/s1600/images-10.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirX-vDzvIBtO2ZWpshNAKjtTYojN7EQDtfsL7KstTrgiHSp3qGtF9yD_5Bh7tfOUOjSvAD0TPEeB22Twwz1eocGg43WFhY2m5WkTSAGCKG2F5K2c250y5qrZhO90ab9lRRsEmMmquuKRA/s1600/images-10.jpeg" /></a></div>
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<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
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The books that got away. The books
I turned my back on. The books that my mother’s voice in my head (“You don’t
really want THAT, do you?”) kept me from buying, The books that the wide streak
of Puritanical self-denial in me wouldn’t allow me to have. The trail of
book-lover’s regrets that litter the past.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;">I’d like <i>not</i> to think that all this is some sort of metaphor for life. But I’m afraid that it just might be exactly that.</span>
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bibliograffitihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00074813316524099603noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3619803854129498815.post-79896225076815715142014-09-26T06:00:00.000-07:002014-09-30T11:48:45.365-07:00In Memoriam<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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As a child of 3 or 4, my favorite book in all the world was a book about a dog: <i><a href="http://www.worldcat.org/title/five-beds-for-bitsy-a-puppy-grows-up/oclc/5164854" target="_blank">Five Beds for Bitsy: A Puppy Grows Up</a></i> by Ian Munn with illustrations by Elizabeth Webb (Rand McNally, 1950). For a period of time I read this book every day, and I was convinced – perhaps I still am convinced -- that there could never be a better tale than this story of a dog who -- much to his owners' surprise -- kept outgrowing his bed.<br />
<br />
Since the mid-1800s, dog lovers have read, collected and cherished dog books: stories about dogs, how-to books about dogs, picture books about dogs, breed and training manuals, and adventure tales featuring hero dogs in hair-raising situations. A number of private presses, like the Derrydale Press founded in 1927, have specialized in fine dog books in limited editions. Some Derrydale imprints from the 1930s are now among the most valuable and sought-after of all dog books.<br />
<br />
<a gt="" href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOJnK9uG9FdhSpWzYk042EqNuqiO4F5avRNL6ifnR45ulg9oerFSCjBVpmJOwGdS_UeAD4Rj5mCAaGRDYNnVavMydxdQoCgeszzzQOD7NnUpd_i-Nk_v989x3oudfuBJz24Nm5lpKPQ3s/s1600/images-4.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img a="" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOJnK9uG9FdhSpWzYk042EqNuqiO4F5avRNL6ifnR45ulg9oerFSCjBVpmJOwGdS_UeAD4Rj5mCAaGRDYNnVavMydxdQoCgeszzzQOD7NnUpd_i-Nk_v989x3oudfuBJz24Nm5lpKPQ3s/s1600/images-4.jpeg" height="236" width="320" /></a>
<br />
<br />
The reason that I'm thinking about books about dogs this week is that we have just lost our faithful 'book-shop dog,' Bailey.' Bailey, a Golden Retriever plus Something-Else, had had a rough start in life. But when we got him from a breed rescue group he immediately began to flourish, and for more than 12 years was a funny, loyal, gentle companion. Whenever you take on a pet, you sign up for inevitable heartbreak. The lives of our companion animals are relatively short, and at the end we promise to do for them the last, best service we can offer: to relieve them of suffering. But the day that you have to do that is always a sad sad day.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXHHSSmbVF9YjRliy2DRhFLFX8_Ge9MiCxw_F533pjWRm9AxO4pSlLll7iNSQZpJz1_hYvauGK3fuJKhyipDK_PPgcPpd6AGIqhTlPoxZYS8cvgTeLkonJ-74qOkwNDKI4tql-nQcnOC0/s1600/baileydog.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXHHSSmbVF9YjRliy2DRhFLFX8_Ge9MiCxw_F533pjWRm9AxO4pSlLll7iNSQZpJz1_hYvauGK3fuJKhyipDK_PPgcPpd6AGIqhTlPoxZYS8cvgTeLkonJ-74qOkwNDKI4tql-nQcnOC0/s1600/baileydog.jpg" height="200" width="118" /></a>
<br />
<br />
Some of the very best of the classic dog illustrators seem to capture that bittersweet experience of owning and loving dogs. During the classic period of dog illustration between 1890 and 1935, artists like Cecil Alden, Marguerite Kirmse, Lucy Dawson, Reuben Ward Binks, Leon Danchin, and Frederick Morgan spent their working lives bringing the dog-human relationship to life. (For a good list of celebrated dog artists, see the list at DogCrazy Books: <a href="http://dogcrazybooks.com/page50/page50.html">http://dogcrazybooks.com/page50/page50.html</a>)<br />
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And of course there are many modern writers who have a lively sense of the bond between canine and human: Jon Katz and his border collies, Larry Levin and his Argentine Dogo, Stanley Coren and his terrier, William Wegman and his Weimaraners. But in the present circumstance I return to that tiny treasure of a book by Sharon Creech, <i><a href="http://www.worldcat.org/title/love-that-dog/oclc/45757381" target="_blank">Love that Dog</a></i> (HarperCollins, 2001), in which the joy and sadness of loving and losing a dog is brought to life. And Mark Doty's <i><a href="http://www.worldcat.org/title/dog-years-a-memoir/oclc/69792686" target="_blank">Dog Years</a></i> (Harper, 2007)<br />
never fails to bring tears of recognition.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLQm2JS-eaU-gImWoFCoDsOIafUHVnp4S2PBLl2hE-3bDbIpYBwbuIEREax8Rh7wxh6-76N2Lp94iG7O1GUW3T6ZcRZBzRJ2BE7dwScUnUeuCoLtCC9_dFyJCANnn_IEb1YZQe4x3YfYk/s1600/images-5.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLQm2JS-eaU-gImWoFCoDsOIafUHVnp4S2PBLl2hE-3bDbIpYBwbuIEREax8Rh7wxh6-76N2Lp94iG7O1GUW3T6ZcRZBzRJ2BE7dwScUnUeuCoLtCC9_dFyJCANnn_IEb1YZQe4x3YfYk/s1600/images-5.jpeg" /></a><br />
<br />
I remember years ago in a German cemetery standing over a small gravestone, old and weathered, and inscribed with words from the theologian Martin Luther: "Fear not, little dog, for in heaven you will have a tail of gold." So, rest in peace, our Bailey. Your epitaph is the two words you treasured most: "Good dog!"</div>
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bibliograffitihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00074813316524099603noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3619803854129498815.post-89638139319253246882014-09-19T15:35:00.002-07:002014-09-19T15:47:29.098-07:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">“The Dark Backward and Abysm": The Orkneys in Books<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Last
night we were watching the returns from the referendum on independence for
Scotland, The very first votes to be tallied and reported came in from the
Orkneys, an archipelago of about 70 islands, 20 of which are inhabited, off the
north coast of the Scottish mainland. The Orkneys were first settled by
Paleolithic tribes, then by the Picts and in the 9<sup>th</sup> century by the
Viking invaders, and have many of the best-preserved Neolithic sites in Europe,
including a number of extraordinary chambered tombs dating from 2800BC. “Many a
proud lady, low stooping, has entered here.” reads an inscription on the wall
of the most famous of these tombs, Maeshowe. This sense of the harshness of life
and the inevitability of death is a woven through the Orcadian character.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7qcv7zU7O9lWWuRBlCF0cUQfQoRgazJ8LZ9CZkh-ZpQo0Od9a39bncLKdoi2tLa5SQdJsidS8sdqHGSzNURVgdHq9lRbYX29XJs6ZmCSM4WJ0TpUsHZPzKLsEadnQctm6kINrDX2kVD0/s1600/chambered.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7qcv7zU7O9lWWuRBlCF0cUQfQoRgazJ8LZ9CZkh-ZpQo0Od9a39bncLKdoi2tLa5SQdJsidS8sdqHGSzNURVgdHq9lRbYX29XJs6ZmCSM4WJ0TpUsHZPzKLsEadnQctm6kINrDX2kVD0/s1600/chambered.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">As
George Mackay Brown, the Orkneys’ most notable poet and story-teller, has
written: “Everywhere in Orkney there is the sense of age, the dark backward and
abysm.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjd3iG9kOel_jJuHPZ5Ee19l9-FZE_VwAwMskFpD7mZ5SdXA5Eya01RFW2lqgV8hXb0fA_O2wL-NgFA2HFXx8nAFvoIYuASTXVhNYrdJOGuENi5j4vYjnzoEi3ZJo10K_-8ZNLSuW7iyFY/s1600/mackay-brown.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjd3iG9kOel_jJuHPZ5Ee19l9-FZE_VwAwMskFpD7mZ5SdXA5Eya01RFW2lqgV8hXb0fA_O2wL-NgFA2HFXx8nAFvoIYuASTXVhNYrdJOGuENi5j4vYjnzoEi3ZJo10K_-8ZNLSuW7iyFY/s1600/mackay-brown.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The
literature of the Orkneys stretches back at least 900 years. The Orkneyinga
Saga, a 13<sup>th</sup> century epic poem in the Icelandic tradition, relates
the legends surrounding the Norse invasion of the Orkneys four centuries
earlier. The poetry has that raw skaldic flavor, full of warfare and blood:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">“Many
blasts of horns were blowing,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Through
the burgs when bold to battle<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Rushed
the ruler, while his banner<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Fluttered
bravely in the breeze.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">‘Twas
on a rainy Friday morning,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">When
the day scarce beamed for battle,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">That
the foeman fierce he scattered;<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Weapons
flew and wolves were fattened.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUhem_3OP1sqoAfLzV08_8Du2zYMty0mbN7CXPVRt70eKQw9pUVW3RLqyMUqBYgPoCC6A0gKmgPd-WQ69U5P8nWf7IGAMK1EN7qNmSkBkoHA3J0pzF3gLrl0hcNHpQBik7Y2RWMlILi64/s1600/orkneyinga.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUhem_3OP1sqoAfLzV08_8Du2zYMty0mbN7CXPVRt70eKQw9pUVW3RLqyMUqBYgPoCC6A0gKmgPd-WQ69U5P8nWf7IGAMK1EN7qNmSkBkoHA3J0pzF3gLrl0hcNHpQBik7Y2RWMlILi64/s1600/orkneyinga.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Which
brings us, at last, to books about the Orkneys. Books about the Orkneys are
uncommon and are much sought after by Orcadians and by those who consider
themselves part of the “Orcadian diaspora.” So if you are in a second-hand
bookshop and spot a book related to Orkney life and lore, especially a vintage
book, do pick it up! <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">And
for contemporary Orcadian writing, see the blogposts of ‘Writing the North,’ dedicated to the literature of the Orkneys and the Shetland Islands.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><a href="http://www.writingthenorth.com/news-and-events/">http://www.writingthenorth.com/news-and-events/</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">The
readers’ site ‘Good Reads’ has a page that highlights books set in the Orkneys,
<a href="https://www.goodreads.com/places/2261-orkney-islands-scotland">https://www.goodreads.com/places/2261-orkney-islands-scotland</a>
and ‘Books from Scotland’ has a useful list of notable Orkney writers, with
biographical maps <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><a href="http://www.booksfromscotland.com/Settings/Orkney/">http://www.booksfromscotland.com/Settings/Orkney\</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">If,
by chance, you get interested in collecting books about the Orkneys or others of the Scottish islands, have a look at our collection at <a href="http://www.suttonbooksnorwich.com/">http://www.suttonbooksnorwich.com</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 19px;">from which the book pictured here have come.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 19px;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 19px;">Happy reading!</span></div>
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bibliograffitihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00074813316524099603noreply@blogger.com0